Discriminant validity analysis from CFA(Qingdao).

As host–tourist tensions increase in popular destinations, it is essential to understand how tourism relates to residents’ quality of life, attitudes, and supportive behaviors. This study explores these impacts in Qingdao, a city with mature tourism development, and Zhoushan, a city undergoing rapid tourism growth. Survey data were collected from 508 residents in Qingdao and 362 in Zhoushan through an online questionnaire using stratified random sampling to ensure representativeness. After data cleaning and validation, structural equation modeling was used to test the proposed hypotheses. Additional analyses included descriptive statistics, t-tests, confirmatory factor analysis, and multi-group analysis to examine moderating effects. The results indicate that tourism is associated with residents’ quality of life and emotional solidarity, which are in turn linked to their attitudes and supportive behaviors. Emotional closeness and empathy show strong links with support, while not all quality-of-life aspects correspond to similar emotional responses. In Qingdao, tourism employment negatively moderates the attitude–support link, whereas no significant effect is found in Zhoushan. These findings refine Social Exchange Theory by highlighting emotional and contextual conditions under which resident support varies. Practically, the study outlines stage-specific implications for balancing tourism growth with resident well-being through targeted emotional engagement and employment quality improvement.

随着热门旅游目的地的东道主与游客间矛盾日益凸显，厘清旅游业与居民生活质量、态度及支持行为之间的关联至关重要。本研究以旅游业发展成熟的青岛与正处于旅游增长快速期的舟山为研究对象，探讨此类影响。本研究采用分层随机抽样法以保证样本代表性，通过线上问卷分别向青岛508名、舟山362名居民收集调研数据。经数据清洗与效度检验后，本研究采用结构方程模型（structural equation modeling）对所提出的研究假设进行验证。此外，本研究还通过描述性统计、t检验、验证性因子分析（confirmatory factor analysis）及多群组分析等方法检验调节效应。研究结果显示，旅游业与居民生活质量及情感凝聚（emotional solidarity）显著相关，而上述两者又进一步影响居民的态度与支持行为。情感亲近度与共情（empathy）与居民支持行为存在显著关联，但并非所有生活质量维度均会引发相似的情感反应。在青岛，旅游业就业对态度-支持行为关联存在负向调节作用，而舟山未发现该显著效应。本研究通过揭示影响居民支持行为差异的情感与情境条件，完善了社会交换理论（Social Exchange Theory）。实践层面，本研究提出了分阶段的实践启示：通过针对性的情感引导与就业质量提升，实现旅游业增长与居民福祉的平衡。