Table_1_Individual-level socioeconomic status and cataract-induced visual disability among older adults in China: the overview and urban-rural difference.DOCX

ObjectiveTo investigate the prevalence of cataract-induced visual disability and its association with individual-level socioeconomic status (SES) among older adults in China.
MethodsUsing the data of 354,743 older adults (60 years and older) from the Second China National Sample Survey on Disability in 2006. Cross-sectional study design was applied. The differences in visual disability prevalence of cataracts among sociodemographic subgroups were analyzed by the chi-square test, and the association between individual-level SES and cataract-induced visual disability was investigated by the multivariate logistic regression model.
ResultsThe weighted visual disability prevalence of cataracts was 4.84% in 2006. Older people with a higher household income per capita (OR = 0.83, 95% CI: 0.81–0.85), higher education level (primary school vs. illiteracy: OR = 0.80, 95% CI: 0.76–0.83; ≥undergraduate college vs. illiteracy: OR = 0.31, 95% CI: 0.25–0.39), and occupation (OR = 0.53, 95% CI: 0.50–0.56) were less likely to suffer from cataract-induced visual disability. Household income per capita and education level increase played a greater role in decreasing the risk of visual disability caused by cataracts in urban areas, while having occupation contributed more to reducing the risk of disability in rural areas.
ConclusionThe gap in individual-level SES is closely related to the visual health inequities among older Chinese people and there are two distinct mechanisms in rural and urban areas. Strategies to promote collaborative healthcare development regionally, strengthen safeguards for disadvantaged groups, and increase public awareness of visual disability prevention are warranted.

研究目的：探讨中国老年人群中白内障相关性视力残疾的患病率，及其与个体层面社会经济地位（SES）的关联。
研究方法：本研究采用2006年第二次全国残疾人抽样调查的数据，纳入354743名60岁及以上老年人群。采用横断面研究设计，通过卡方检验分析不同社会人口学亚组中白内障相关性视力残疾的患病率差异，并通过多因素logistic回归模型探究个体层面社会经济地位与白内障相关性视力残疾的关联。
研究结果：2006年，经加权校正的白内障相关性视力残疾患病率为4.84%。人均家庭收入较高（比值比（Odds Ratio, OR）=0.83，95%置信区间（Confidence Interval, CI）：0.81~0.85）、受教育程度更高（小学学历vs文盲：OR=0.80，95%CI：0.76~0.83；本科及以上学历vs文盲：OR=0.31，95%CI：0.25~0.39）以及有职业者，发生白内障相关性视力残疾的风险更低。在城市地区，人均家庭收入提升与受教育程度提高对降低白内障相关性视力残疾风险的作用更为显著；而在农村地区，拥有职业对降低残疾风险的贡献更大。
研究结论：个体层面社会经济地位的差异与中国老年人群的视力健康公平性问题密切相关，且城乡地区存在两种不同的作用机制。应推动区域医疗协作发展、加强对弱势群体的保障力度，并提升公众对视力残疾预防的认知水平。