Data_Sheet_1_Fungal community remediate quartz tailings soil under plant combined with urban sludge treatments.PDF

IntroductionTailings can cause extensive damage to soil structure and microbial community. Phytoremediation is an effective strategy for remedied tailings soil due to its environmentally friendly and low-cost advantage. Fungi play a crucial role in nutrient cycling, stress resistance, stabilizing soil structure, and promoting plant growth. However, the fungal community variation in phytoremediation remains largely unexplored.
MethodsWe analyzed soil fungal community based on high-throughput sequencing during three plant species combined with urban sludge to remediate quartz tailings soil.
ResultsThe results indicated that the fungal diversity was significantly increased with plant diversity, and the highest fungal diversity was in the three plant species combination treatments. Moreover, the fungal diversity was significantly decreased with the addition of urban sludge compared with plant treatments, while the abundance of potential beneficial fungi such as Cutaneotrichosporon, Apiotrichum, and Alternaria were increased. Notably, the fungal community composition in different plant species combination treatments were significant difference at the genus level. The addition of urban sludge increased pH, available phosphorus (AP), and available nitrogen (AN) content that were the main drivers for fungal community composition. Furthermore, the fungal networks of the plant treatments had more nodes and edges, higher connectedness, and lower modularity than plant combined with urban sludge treatments.
ConclusionOur results showed that three plant species combined with urban sludge treatments improved fungal community and soil properties. Our results provide insights for quartz tailings soil remediation using plant-fungi- urban sludge.

引言
尾矿可对土壤结构与微生物群落造成严重破坏。植物修复（phytoremediation）因兼具环境友好性与低成本优势，是修复尾矿土壤的有效策略。真菌在养分循环、抗逆调控、稳定土壤结构以及促进植物生长等方面发挥着关键作用。然而，植物修复过程中真菌群落的动态变化仍未得到充分探索。

材料与方法
本研究基于高通量测序（high-throughput sequencing）技术，分析了三种植物联合城市污泥修复石英尾矿土壤过程中的土壤真菌群落特征。

结果
结果表明，真菌多样性随植物物种丰富度的提升显著升高，且在三种植物联合处理组中真菌多样性达到最高水平。相较于单纯植物处理组，添加城市污泥会显著降低真菌多样性，但诸如皮状丝孢酵母属（Cutaneotrichosporon）、阿耶洛酵母属（Apiotrichum）以及链格孢属（Alternaria）等潜在有益真菌的丰度却有所增加。值得注意的是，不同植物联合处理组的真菌群落在属水平上存在显著差异。添加城市污泥可提升土壤pH、有效磷（AP）与有效氮（AN）含量，而这些环境因子正是驱动真菌群落组成的主要因素。进一步分析发现，单纯植物处理组的真菌共生网络拥有更多的节点与边、更高的连通性以及更低的模块化程度，整体表现优于植物联合城市污泥处理组。

结论
本研究结果证实，三种植物联合城市污泥处理能够有效改善真菌群落结构与土壤理化性质。本研究为利用植物-真菌-城市污泥体系修复石英尾矿土壤提供了重要的理论参考与实践依据。