Reconstructing anthropic coastal landscape of Campi Flegrei volcanic area (Southern Italy) during the Roman period from multi-technique surveys

Campi Flegrei is one of the widest and most dangerous active volcanic complexes in the Mediterranean basin, known to be affected by continuous and sudden vertical ground movements (bradyseismic crisis) that have characterized the post-calderic volcanic activity since the Late Pleistocene and particularly during the Roman period. Despite the intense volcano-tectonic processes, the area has been densely inhabited since the Greek-Roman as testified by several submerged archaeological remains here used as high-precision relative sea-level markers. By using a complex multi-technique approach made of direct, indirect morpho-acoustic and optical surveys, and stratigraphic analysis, we present a detailed reconstruction of the coastal landscape of Campi Flegrei and its surroundings between the Roman Late Republican and Early Imperial ages. The coastal scenario aims to facilitate the comprehension of how volcano-tectonic events influenced the evolution of this singular coastal landscape, and how these interfered with human activity in terms of damages and adaptation.

坎皮佛莱格瑞火山复合体（Campi Flegrei）是地中海盆地内规模最宏大、危险性最高的活跃火山复合体之一。自晚更新世以来，其破火山口后火山活动均以持续且突发的垂直地面运动（慢火山地震危机，bradyseismic crisis）为典型特征，这一现象在罗马时期尤为突出。尽管该区域经历了强烈的火山构造活动，但自希腊-罗马时期起便已人口稠密，这一点可由多处水下考古遗存佐证——这些遗存可作为高精度相对海平面标志物。本研究采用直接、间接形态声学探测与光学探测结合地层分析的综合多技术手段，详细重建了坎皮佛莱格瑞火山复合体及其周边区域在罗马共和国晚期至罗马帝国早期的海岸景观面貌。本次重建的海岸图景旨在助力理解火山构造活动如何影响这一独特海岸景观的演化，以及这些活动如何从灾害破坏与人类适应两个维度干预了当地人类活动。