SACROPELVIC FIXATION USING ILIAC SCREWS: EVALUATION OF TECHNIQUE AND COMPLICATIONS

ABSTRACT Sacropelvic fixation arose from the need to protect the sacral instrumentation in long constructions, due to failures in the implant-bone interface and the treatment of diseases in which there is no possibilities of sacral fixation such as infections and tumors. Due to anatomic difficulties and the complex spinopelvic biomechanics several techniques were developed. The fixation with iliac screws has become according to multiple studies, a well-established technique that minimizes frequent complications such as pseudoarthrosis and implant failure. However, it has disadvantages such as iliac wing fracture and skin lesions due to the protrusion of materials. The present study aims to comprehensively review the literature on the technique taking into account relevant aspects to its better knowledge and application. Level of evidence III; Therapeutic Study.

摘要
骶盆固定术（Sacropelvic fixation）的诞生源于两大需求：一是在长节段骶盆固定结构中保护骶骨内置固定装置，二是应对植入物-骨界面失效的问题，以及无法实施骶骨固定的疾病（如感染、肿瘤）的治疗。由于解剖难度较高且脊柱骨盆生物力学（spinopelvic biomechanics）特性复杂，学界已开发出多种手术技术。多项研究表明，髂螺钉（iliac screws）固定术已成为一项成熟的手术技术，可显著降低假关节（pseudoarthrosis）形成、植入物失效等常见并发症的发生率。但该技术仍存在诸多弊端，如髂翼骨折（iliac wing fracture）、植入物突出引发的皮肤损伤（skin lesions）等。本研究旨在全面综述该手术技术的相关文献，梳理其核心要点以推动临床对该技术的充分认知与规范应用。证据等级：III级；治疗性研究。