Public policies and the insertion of old people in the labor market in Brazil

Abstract Objective: Discuss how Brazilian public policies aimed at old people address the right of the old people to decent work, and the promotion of their insertion and maintenance at work. Method: Bibliographic research was carried out to analyze the Brazilian public policies aimed at old people. In order to deepen the analysis of these policies, they were consulted in full on Brazilian government websites. The data was analyzed based on content analysis. Results: Among the public policies aimed at the old people those having some type of work-related disposition provision are: the National Policy for Old People, State Policy for Old People, Statute of the Elderly, and National Health Policy for Old People. The work-related propositions were categorized into: I. Creation of working conditions for old people; II. Preventing discrimination and encouraging the hiring of old people; III. Continuing education for old people; IV. Retirement; V. Work as a choice. Conclusion: Over time, Brazilian public policies aimed at old people have been improving the approach to decent work, and the promotion of the insertion and maintenance of old people in their work. However, there is still a lack of better advances and clarifications about the guidelines and recommendations related to work for old people, emphasizing the importance of work contexts considering the conditions and organizations impacting the possibility of insertion and maintenance of old people at work.

摘要
研究目标：探讨巴西面向老年人的公共政策如何保障老年人享有体面劳动的权利，并推动其就业参与与维持。
研究方法：本研究采用文献研究法分析巴西面向老年人的公共政策。为深化政策分析，研究人员从巴西政府官方网站获取了全部政策文本，并基于内容分析法对采集到的数据开展解读与分析。
研究结果：在巴西面向老年人的公共政策中，涉及劳动相关条款的政策包括：《国家老年人政策》、《各州老年人政策》、《老年人条例（Statute of the Elderly）》、《国家老年人健康政策》。其中劳动相关条款可划分为以下五类：一、为老年人创设劳动条件；二、防范就业歧视并鼓励聘用老年人；三、面向老年人的继续教育；四、退休保障；五、将劳动作为自主选择。
研究结论：随着时间推移，巴西面向老年人的公共政策在保障体面劳动权利、推动老年人就业参与与维持方面已有一定进步。但目前针对老年人劳动相关的指导原则与建议，仍缺乏更完善的推进路径与清晰阐释；本研究强调，需结合影响老年人就业参与与维持的各类条件与组织因素，重视劳动场景的重要性，以优化老年人就业的相关保障。