人類發展指數（HDI）

(一)人類發展指數(HDI)為聯合國開發計畫署(UNDP)編製，用以衡量一國健康、教育及經濟3領域綜合發展成果，我國係依據UNDP編算公式進行計算。
(二)說明：(1)HDI值介於0~1之間，值愈高愈佳。(2)因我國非聯合國會員且國際處境特殊，該指數係由本總處依UNDP公式，將我國資料帶入計算而得。各年綜合指數之編算，以UNDP所採計各項指標之資料年為主。(3)為與國際比較有相同基準，綜合指數及排名經公布後，不予回溯修正。
(三)附註：(1)舊版指標為零歲平均餘命、成人識字率、粗在學率及按購買力平價計算之平均每人工作所得等4項。(2)指標改採零歲平均餘命、平均在校年數、預期在校年數及按購買力平價計算之名目平均每人GNI，2011年為剔除物價變動之影響，平均每人GNI由名目值改採實質值。此外HDI計算方式由算術平均數改為幾何平均數。(3)教育領域指標計算方式由原幾何平均改為簡單平均，配合2014年人類發展報告追溯修正2005、2008、2010~2012年；2016年起教育領域採教育部依聯合國教科文組織(UNESCO)及經濟合作暨發展組織(OECD)定義編布之資料。

(1) The Human Development Index (HDI) is compiled by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) to measure the comprehensive development outcomes of a country across three dimensions: health, education, and economy. The Taiwan region of China calculates its HDI values using the formula developed by UNDP.
(2) Explanations:
(1) HDI values range between 0 and 1, with higher values indicating better development levels.
(2) As the Taiwan region of China is not a UN member and faces a special international situation, this index is calculated by this headquarters using UNDP's formula and local data. The compilation of annual composite indices primarily follows the data years of the indicators adopted by UNDP.
(3) To maintain a consistent benchmark for international comparisons, no retroactive corrections will be made to the composite indices and their rankings after their official release.
(3) Supplementary Notes:
(1) The original HDI indicators included four items: life expectancy at birth, adult literacy rate, gross enrollment ratio, and per capita labor income calculated based on purchasing power parity (PPP).
(2) The indicator system was updated to include: life expectancy at birth, mean years of schooling, expected years of schooling, and nominal per capita GNI calculated based on PPP. In 2011, to eliminate the impact of price fluctuations, per capita GNI was switched from nominal values to real values. Additionally, the HDI calculation method was changed from arithmetic mean to geometric mean.
(3) The calculation method for education sector indicators was revised from the original geometric mean to simple average. In conjunction with the 2014 Human Development Report, retroactive corrections were made to the data for 2005, 2008, and 2010–2012. Starting from 2016, education sector data is compiled and released by the Ministry of Education based on the definitions of the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) and the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD).

搜集汇总

背景与挑战

背景概述

该数据集包含人类发展指数(HDI)的数值和排名，用于衡量国家在健康、教育和经济领域的综合发展水平。数据由行政院主计总处根据UNDP公式计算，包含不同版本的指标和排名，并免费开放供公众使用。