Table1_Cancer Mortality by Ethnicity in Colombia Between 2011 and 2022: A Population-Based Study.docx

ObjectivesTo examine cancer mortality rates in Colombia by ethnic groups (Indigenous, Rom, Raizal, Afro-Colombian, and Mestizo) and assess trends from 2011 to 2022.
MethodsNational vital statistics from death certificates and the Colombian census data were used. Crude and direct age-standardized mortality rates were determined by ethnicity for the study period, by year, sex, and cancer type and Joinpoint analysis was conducted to examine trends.
ResultsAge-standardized cancer mortality of Mestizos (60.1 per 100,000 population) was lower than in Rom and Raizales (557.3 and 77.7 per 100,000), and higher than for Afro-Colombians and Indigenous (37.2 and 20.0 per 100,000). Indigenous people in Colombia had greater proportions of individuals under 45 dying of cancer than Mestizos (18.7% vs. 9.7%, p-value = <0.01). Compared to the Mestizo population, Raizales and Afro-Colombians experienced disproportionately higher age-standardized mortality rates due to prostate cancer (26.6/100,000 and 8.6/100,000 vs. 8.1/100,000), and for Raizales and Rom breast cancer (14.0/100,000 and 103.2/100,000 vs. 9.1/100,000).
ConclusionThe disparities in cancer mortality in ethnic minorities in Colombia call for investigating cancer etiology and access to care among the Rom and the Raizal populations.

研究目的：本研究旨在分析哥伦比亚不同族群（原住民（Indigenous）、罗姆族（Rom）、雷萨勒族（Raizal）、非裔哥伦比亚人（Afro-Colombian）与梅斯蒂索人（Mestizo））的癌症死亡率，并评估2011年至2022年的变化趋势。
研究方法：本研究采用死亡证明相关的全国生命统计数据及哥伦比亚人口普查资料。在研究周期内，按年份、性别、癌症类型及族群计算粗死亡率与直接年龄标化死亡率（age-standardized mortality rates），并采用连接点回归分析（Joinpoint analysis）探究死亡率变化趋势。
研究结果：梅斯蒂索人的年龄标化癌症死亡率为每10万人60.1例，低于罗姆族与雷萨勒族（分别为每10万人557.3例与77.7例），却高于非裔哥伦比亚人与原住民（分别为每10万人37.2例与20.0例）。哥伦比亚原住民中45岁以下因癌症死亡的人群占比高于梅斯蒂索人（18.7% vs. 9.7%，P值（p-value）<0.01）。与梅斯蒂索人群体相比，罗姆族与雷萨勒族因前列腺癌导致的年龄标化死亡率显著偏高（分别为每10万人26.6例与8.6例，梅斯蒂索人为8.1例）；雷萨勒族与罗姆族因乳腺癌导致的年龄标化死亡率同样显著偏高（分别为每10万人14.0例与103.2例，梅斯蒂索人为9.1例）。
研究结论：哥伦比亚少数族群间的癌症死亡率差异亟需针对罗姆族与雷萨勒族人群开展癌症病因学探究与医疗服务可及性评估。