The role of routine hematological indices in prognosis of acute ischemic stroke: a cross-sectional hospital-based study

A Descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among patients admitted to the medicine ward with clinical and radiological evidence of ischemic stroke in Nepalgunj Medical College and Teaching Hospital (NGMCTH) after receiving ethical approval from the institutional review committee of the college. The confidentiality of all the participants was taken into account. Non-random sampling methods have been used. The study period spanned from April 18th, 2022, to June 17th, 2023, a period of 14 months.
Data were collected using a pre-tested semi-structured self-administered questionnaire in printed form that includes detailed clinical history and physical examination. Collected data were entered in Microsoft Excel. Data were then analyzed statistically using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS Version 2022). The data were not normally distributed and the normality of data was tested using the Shapiro-Wilk test. The Spearman’s Correlation test was used to see the correlation between TLC, RDW, and ESR with mRS. The Chi-Square test was used to observe the association between mRS with TLC, RDW and ESR. A similar association was observed for the Glasgow coma scale (GCS) and Mortality. The evaluated data were presented in the form of tables and the association was considered to be significant if the p-value was less than 0.05.
Out of 136 participants included in the study, 76 (55.9%) were male patients and 60 (44.1%) were female patients in total with the mean age of patients being 61.84 years. Most of the patients belonged to the age group of 56-60 years followed by the age group of 70-75 years. Hypertension was the most prevalent risk factor. Out of 136 patients, 47.05% had multiple risk factors, 44.85% had a single risk factor and 8.09% did not have any known risk factors.

本研究为描述性横断面研究，于尼泊尔根杰医学院附属教学医院（Nepalgunj Medical College and Teaching Hospital, NGMCTH）内科病房开展，研究对象为存在缺血性脑卒中临床及影像学证据的住院患者，研究已获得该学院机构审查委员会的伦理批准。所有受试者的隐私均得到严格保护。本研究采用非随机抽样方法。研究周期为2022年4月18日至2023年6月17日，共计14个月。
研究数据采用预先经过预试验验证的印刷版半结构化自填式问卷收集，问卷内容涵盖详细的临床病史与体格检查信息。收集所得数据录入Microsoft Excel表格，随后使用社会科学统计软件包（Statistical Package for Social Sciences, SPSS）2022版本进行统计学分析。因数据不符合正态分布，本研究采用Shapiro-Wilk检验验证数据正态性。采用Spearman相关分析探究总白细胞计数（Total Leukocyte Count, TLC）、红细胞分布宽度（Red Cell Distribution Width, RDW）、红细胞沉降率（Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate, ESR）与改良Rankin量表（modified Rankin Scale, mRS）之间的相关性；采用卡方检验分析mRS与TLC、RDW、ESR的关联，以及格拉斯哥昏迷量表（Glasgow Coma Scale, GCS）与死亡率的关联。最终以表格形式呈现分析结果，当P值小于0.05时，认为关联具有统计学显著性。
本研究共纳入136名受试者，其中男性76例（占比55.9%），女性60例（占比44.1%），患者平均年龄为61.84岁。患者年龄分布以56~60岁组最为集中，其次为70~75岁组。高血压为最常见的危险因素。在136例患者中，47.05%存在多种危险因素，44.85%存在单一危险因素，8.09%未发现任何已知危险因素。