Muscle strength, lower extremity functional performance and body composition in elderly women with mild cognitive impairment

Abstract Introduction: Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is characterized by subjective memory complaints and is considered an intermediate stage between normal and pathological cognitive function. The decline in cognitive function may be associated with low functional performance and alterations in body composition in older adults. Objective: To assess muscle strength, lower extremity functional performance and body composition in elderly women with MCI. Methods: Forty-three elderly women (aged 60-80 years) participated in the study. Participants were divided into two groups: elderly women with MCI (n = 19) and elderly women without MCI (n = 24). To diagnose MCI, we used the instruments proposed by Petersen et al. According to it, the subjects had to have memory complaints that had no effects on basic or instrumental activities of daily living. Muscle strength was assessed via palmar grip strength (PGS) using a dynamometer (Jamar®) and knee extension strength (KES) was assessed using the one-repetition maximum test (1-RM). Lower extremity (LE) functional performance was assessed using the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) and body composition was measured using biometrical impedance analysis (Biodynamics Model 310). Results: There was a significant difference in muscle strength between groups. The group with MCI had lower PGS (p = 0.002) and KES (p = 0.002), when compared to their counterparts. No significant difference between groups was found for the other variables, like SPPB and body composition. We found a positive, significant correlation between SPPB and KES (r = 0.55; p = 0.0001), SPPB and PGS (r = 0.37; p = 0.0155), KES and PGS (r = 0.59; p

摘要与引言：轻度认知障碍（Mild Cognitive Impairment, MCI）以主观记忆主诉为特征，被认为是正常认知功能与病理性认知功能之间的过渡阶段。老年人群的认知功能衰退可能与较低的躯体功能表现及身体成分改变相关。
研究目的：旨在评估轻度认知障碍老年女性的肌肉力量、下肢躯体功能表现与身体成分状况。
研究方法：本研究共纳入43名年龄介于60~80岁的老年女性，将其分为两组：轻度认知障碍组（n=19）与非轻度认知障碍组（n=24）。本研究采用Petersen等提出的诊断标准判定轻度认知障碍，根据该标准，受试者需存在记忆主诉，且该主诉未对其基础性及工具性日常生活活动造成影响。肌肉力量评估采用握力计（Jamar®）测量掌部握力（Palmar Grip Strength, PGS），并通过单次最大重复试验（One-Repetition Maximum Test, 1-RM）评估膝伸肌力量（Knee Extension Strength, KES）。下肢（Lower Extremity, LE）躯体功能表现采用简易体能状况量表（Short Physical Performance Battery, SPPB）进行评估，身体成分则通过生物电阻抗分析仪（Biodynamics Model 310）进行测量。
研究结果：两组受试者的肌肉力量存在显著差异。与非轻度认知障碍组相比，轻度认知障碍组的掌部握力（PGS，p=0.002）与膝伸肌力量（KES，p=0.002）均更低。其余变量（如简易体能状况量表得分与身体成分指标）在两组间未发现显著差异。本研究发现，简易体能状况量表得分与膝伸肌力量之间存在显著正相关（r=0.55；p=0.0001），与掌部握力之间亦存在显著正相关（r=0.37；p=0.0155），膝伸肌力量与掌部握力的相关系数为r=0.59，p值为