Table 1_Effects of different levels of physical activity on the health-related quality of life among rural junior high school students in China: the moderating role of parental co-participation in physical activities.xlsx

BackgroundHealth benefits are associated with physical activity (PA) and PA levels. This study aims to explore the impact of PA levels (low, moderate, high) on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among rural junior high school students in China, as well as the moderating role of parental co-participation in physical activities.
MethodsA stratified cluster sampling method was used to select 1,440 junior high school students from rural areas in southwest China. A total of 1,181 students completed the questionnaire, with a completion rate of 82.0%, including 608 boys (51.45%). HRQoL was measured using the Chinese version of the PedsQL 4.0, and PA levels was analyzed using the IPAQ-SF. T-tests, chi-square tests, linear regression, and two-way ANOVA were used for statistical analysis.
ResultsThe results showed that 81.8% of rural junior high school students participated in moderate PA and high PA, with 82.3% of boys and 81.2% of girls. In both unadjusted and adjusted models, compared to low PA, students participating in moderate PA and high PA had significantly higher HRQoL scores in all dimensions, summary scales, and total scales, with the high PA showing particularly higher scores. Parental co-participation significantly moderated the relationship between PA and HRQoL (F = 13.569, p < 0.001), and the moderating effect was significant at every PA level, especially at high PA here the effect was most prominent.
ConclusionPhysical activity has a significant positive impact on HRQoL of rural junior high school students, with higher PA levels leading to more significant improvements in all HRQoL dimensions, summary scales, and total scales. Parental co-participation enhances the positive effect of PA on the HRQoL of rural junior high school students, particularly at the high PA, where the moderating effect is more pronounced. Parental co-participation, through the provision of social support, emotional reinforcement, and behavioral modeling, significantly enhances adolescents’ intrinsic motivation to participate in physical activity, and further augments its salutary effects on their physical and psychological well-being. This study provides empirical support for health promotion among rural adolescents.

研究背景：体力活动（Physical Activity, PA）及其水平与健康效益密切相关。本研究旨在探讨中国农村初中生的体力活动水平（低、中、高）对其健康相关生命质量（Health-Related Quality of Life, HRQoL）的影响，以及父母共同参与体力活动的调节作用。
研究方法：本研究采用分层整群抽样法，从中国西南地区农村招募1440名初中生。最终共有1181名学生完成问卷，问卷回收率为82.0%，其中男生608名（占比51.45%）。采用中文版PedsQL 4.0量表评估健康相关生命质量，使用IPAQ-SF量表分析体力活动水平。统计分析方法包括t检验、卡方检验、线性回归及双向方差分析。
研究结果：结果显示，81.8%的农村初中生参与中、高强度体力活动，其中男生占比82.3%，女生占比81.2%。在未校正与校正模型中，相较于低水平体力活动组，参与中、高强度体力活动的学生在所有维度、综合量表及总量表上的健康相关生命质量得分均显著更高，其中高强度体力活动组得分尤为突出。父母共同参与体力活动对体力活动与健康相关生命质量之间的关联具有显著调节作用（F=13.569，p<0.001），且该调节效应在各体力活动水平下均显著，其中在高强度体力活动水平下调节效应最为显著。
研究结论：体力活动对农村初中生的健康相关生命质量具有显著正向影响，体力活动水平越高，学生在健康相关生命质量各维度、综合量表及总量表上的改善效果越显著。父母共同参与体力活动可增强体力活动对农村初中生健康相关生命质量的正向影响，尤其在高强度体力活动水平下，该调节效应更为显著。父母共同参与体力活动可通过提供社会支持、情感强化与行为示范，显著提升青少年参与体力活动的内在动机，进而增强体力活动对其身心健康的有益作用。本研究为农村青少年的健康促进工作提供了实证依据。