Data_Sheet_1_Multiomics Analyses of Two Sorghum Cultivars Reveal the Molecular Mechanism of Salt Tolerance.ZIP

Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] is one of the most important cereal crops and contains many health-promoting substances. Sorghum has high tolerance to abiotic stress and contains a variety of flavonoids compounds. Flavonoids are produced by the phenylpropanoid pathway and performed a wide range of functions in plants resistance to biotic and abiotic stress. A multiomics analysis of two sorghum cultivars (HN and GZ) under different salt treatments time (0, 24, 48, and 72) was performed. A total of 45 genes, 58 secondary metabolites, and 246 proteins were recognized with significant differential abundances in different comparison models. The common differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were allocated to the “flavonoid biosynthesis” and “phenylpropanoid biosynthesis” pathways. The most enriched pathways of the common differentially accumulating metabolites (DAMs) were “flavonoid biosynthesis,” followed by “phenylpropanoid biosynthesis” and “arginine and proline metabolism.” The common differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were mainly distributed in “phenylpropanoid biosynthesis,” “biosynthesis of cofactors,” and “RNA transport.” Furthermore, considerable differences were observed in the accumulation of low molecular weight nonenzymatic antioxidants and the activity of antioxidant enzymes. Collectively, the results of our study support the idea that flavonoid biological pathways may play an important physiological role in the ability of sorghum to withstand salt stress.

高粱（Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench）是最重要的谷类作物之一，含有多种有益健康的活性物质。高粱对非生物胁迫具有较高耐受性，且富含多种黄酮类化合物。黄酮类物质由苯丙烷代谢途径合成，在植物抵御生物和非生物胁迫过程中发挥广泛的生理功能。本研究针对两个高粱品种（HN和GZ）在不同盐处理时长（0、24、48和72小时）下开展多组学分析。经鉴定，共有45个基因、58种次生代谢产物及246种蛋白质在各比较组中呈现显著差异丰度。共同差异表达基因（differentially expressed genes, DEGs）被富集至"黄酮类生物合成"与"苯丙烷生物合成"通路。共同差异积累代谢物（differentially accumulating metabolites, DAMs）最显著富集的通路为"黄酮类生物合成"，其次为"苯丙烷生物合成"及"精氨酸与脯氨酸代谢"通路。共同差异表达蛋白质（differentially expressed proteins, DEPs）主要分布于"苯丙烷生物合成""辅因子生物合成"及"RNA转运"通路。此外，低分子量非酶促抗氧化剂的积累水平与抗氧化酶活性均存在显著差异。综上，本研究结果支持黄酮类生物合成通路在高粱抵御盐胁迫的生理过程中发挥重要作用这一观点。