Surface energy budget and meteorology measurements from the Arctic Mobile Observing System (AMOS) Ice Gateway-Heavy buoy #002, Beaufort Sea December 2021 through August 2022

The data set is comprised of meteorology and surface energy budget observations from an Atmospheric Surface Flux Station (ASFS, Cox et al. 2023) mounted to Ice Gateway Buoy - Heavy #002 (IGB-H-002) deployed in the Beaufort Sea from December 2021 to August 2022. This was an experimental use of the ASFS in collaboration with the Office of Naval Research's Arctic Mobile Observing System (AMOS). Meteorology (temperature, humidity, and pressure), as well as upwelling and downwelling shortwave and longwave broadband radiative fluxes were acquired from a boom approximately 2 meter (m) above the surface. Winds were acquired from a short mast approximately 4 m above the surface. The measurements are stored in daily netCDF files. The "slow" files include 1 minute (min) averages (and standard deviations) of all measured variables, which were acquired at 10 hertz (Hz) (winds) or at 10 second (sec) intervals (all others). The processing and instrumentation approaches are adapted from Cox et al. (2023) with important details specific to the IGB-H-002 experiment found in the methods sections below. The objective of the ASFS component of the AMOS campaign was experimental testing of a low-power, autonomous collection of surface energy budget variables from an intermittently ice-bound buoy platform. Therefore, there are several caveats to consider when using the data: (1) Gaps in the data occurred because of periods when the system was remotely powered down to converse energy; (2) Not all data were transferred to shore (e.g., no 10 Hz data available) because of limitations in bandwidth and consequently some variables (like turbulent heat fluxes) usually calculated from ASFS data are not available; and (3) Uncertainties are generally larger for most variables, in particular due to the system being out of level for extended periods. Decisions about tolerance for platform level are left to the discretion of the user (measurements of platform level are found in the data). We consider this a level 1 dataset comprised of organized and formatted data (including metadata) and application of technical corrections, as well as the addition of basic quality control with limitations as described.

本数据集包含搭载于冰网关重型浮标002号（Ice Gateway Buoy - Heavy #002, IGB-H-002）的大气地表通量站（Atmospheric Surface Flux Station, ASFS，Cox et al. 2023）所采集的气象与地表能量收支观测数据，该浮标于2021年12月至2022年8月部署于波弗特海。本次实验为ASFS与美国海军研究办公室北极移动观测系统（Arctic Mobile Observing System, AMOS）的合作应用。观测项目涵盖气象要素（气温、湿度与气压）以及向上、向下短波和长波宽带辐射通量，相关数据由距海面约2米的悬臂支架采集；风速数据则由距海面约4米的短桅杆采集。所有测量数据以单日为单位存储于网络通用数据格式（netCDF）文件中。“慢”数据文件包含所有测量变量的1分钟（min）平均值（及标准差），其中风速采样频率为10赫兹（Hz），其余变量采样间隔为10秒（sec）。数据处理与仪器布设方案参考自Cox等人2023年的研究，IGB-H-002实验的专属细节详见下文方法章节。本次AMOS任务中ASFS组件的核心目标为，在间歇性冰封的浮标平台上开展低功耗自主地表能量收支变量采集的实验测试。因此，使用本数据集时需注意以下三点局限性：（1）因系统远程断电以节约能源，存在数据缺失时段；（2）受带宽限制，并非所有数据均可回传至岸基（例如无10Hz原始采样数据），因此部分通常可由ASFS数据计算得到的变量（如湍流通量）无法获取；（3）多数变量的不确定性普遍偏高，尤其因系统长期处于非水平状态所致。用户可自行决定平台水平度的容忍阈值，平台水平度的测量数据已包含在本数据集内。本数据集属于一级数据集，包含经过组织与格式化的完整数据（含元数据）、技术校正处理，以及按照上述说明应用了有限范围的基础质量控制流程。