Advances in fruit crop propagation in Brazil and worldwide-apple trees

Abstract Apple production has been an important economic activity worldwide. The wide dissemination and cultivation of apple trees in several regions of the world is due to the development of propagation techniques from its domestication to the present time. Apple trees can be propagated by seeds, restricted to the use in breeding programs, and multiplied by several methods of vegetative propagation, both for rootstocks and apple scion cultivars. Considering the high technological level currently used in apple crop management, plant propagation plays a very important role in order to enable seedling production with high morphological quality and free of diseases, requiring new advances and propagation improvements in new releases of rootstocks and apple scions.

苹果生产始终是全球范围内的重要经济活动。苹果树能够在全球诸多区域实现广泛推广与栽培，得益于从驯化阶段至今的各类繁殖技术的发展完善。苹果树可通过种子进行繁殖，该方式仅适用于育种项目；同时可通过多种无性繁殖手段进行扩繁，既可用于培育砧木，也可用于繁育苹果接穗品种。考虑到当前苹果栽培管理已具备较高技术水平，植物繁殖技术对于培育形态品质优良且无病害的实生苗发挥着关键作用，这也要求针对新推出的砧木与苹果接穗品种，实现繁殖技术的新突破与优化改进。