Gut microbiota at the time of cholera vaccination

Cholera is a major public health issue, especially in areas with unreliable clean water and sanitation. While current oral cholera vaccines provide adequate short-term protection against future infections, long-term production of memory B cells (MBC) to the vaccine is inconsistent and the factors determining MBC response are not well understood. This study examines the baseline gut microbiota in adult participants receiving oral cholera vaccine, Shanchol in Bangladesh and the MBC response. Results from this study could identify microbial targets or metabolites involved in altering MBC responses to vaccination and inform future microbial adjuvants to improve vaccines.

霍乱是重大公共卫生议题，在清洁供水及卫生设施保障不足的地区问题尤为突出。当前口服霍乱疫苗虽可对后续霍乱感染提供充分的短期保护，但疫苗诱导的记忆B细胞（memory B cells，MBC）的长期生成效果并不一致，且调控记忆B细胞应答的相关机制尚未明确。本研究针对孟加拉国接种口服霍乱疫苗Shanchol的成年受试者，分析其基线肠道菌群特征与疫苗诱导的记忆B细胞应答情况。本研究结果或可筛选出可调控疫苗接种后记忆B细胞应答的微生物靶点与代谢物，为开发可优化疫苗效力的微生物佐剂提供科学依据。