Supporting data for "Methane emissions in (sub)tropical aquaculture ponds: combined effects of salinity, organic matter, and temperature"

Aquaculture ponds are hotspots of methane (CH₄) emissions. However, a mechanistic understanding of CH₄ production and emissions across diverse aquaculture pond types remains largely unknown. Through surveys of 20 aquaculture ponds representing diverse culture systems in (sub)tropical southern China, we examined CH₄ emissions (<i>F</i>CH₄) and their underlying drivers. The dataset contains the physicochemical paramaters, dissolved CH₄ concentration and CH₄ emission flux of suface water in aquaculture ponds. Our study highlights the substantial CH4 fluxes in (sub)tropical aquaculture ponds and elucidates the key controls of salinity, organic matter availabity, and temperature on aquaculture pond CH4 emissions. These findings provide a framework for scaling the contribution of aquaculture ponds to the global CH4 budgets.<br>

水产养殖池塘是甲烷（CH₄）排放的热点区域。然而，目前针对不同类型水产养殖池塘的甲烷产生与排放过程的机制性认知仍十分匮乏。本研究对中国（亚）热带南部地区代表多样养殖模式的20座水产养殖池塘开展调研，测定了甲烷排放通量（F_CH₄）及其潜在驱动因子。本数据集涵盖水产养殖池塘地表水的理化参数、溶解态甲烷浓度与甲烷排放通量。本研究揭示了（亚）热带水产养殖池塘存在可观的甲烷排放通量，并阐明了盐度、有机质有效性与温度对水产养殖池塘甲烷排放的关键调控作用。上述研究结果为量化水产养殖池塘对全球甲烷收支的贡献提供了研究框架。