Private Self-consciousness, Self-reflection, Insight and Alcohol Consumption Among Young People and Adults

Abstract Private self-consciousness is a relevant metacognitive capacity in the self-regulation process, with possible implications in alcohol consumption. This research verified the influence of self-reflection and insight, dimensions of private self-consciousness, on drinking behavior. A total of 523 Brazilians, aged from 20 to 39 years old, participated in a survey by answering the Self-Reflection and Insight Scale and the AUDIT test. The results showed that women have higher levels of self-reflection, whereas men have higher levels of insight. With regard to alcohol consumption, young people drink at higher risk levels than adults. Self-reflection and insight were negatively correlated with alcohol consumption. Age and gender differences in the intensity of the correlation between variables and the influence of environmental factors on the regulation of drinking behavior are discussed.

摘要 私我意识（Private Self-Consciousness）是自我调控过程中的关键元认知能力，其与酒精消费行为存在潜在关联。本研究考察了私我意识的两个维度——自我反思与洞察力——对饮酒行为的影响。研究共招募523名年龄介于20至39岁的巴西受试者，通过填写《自我反思与洞察力量表》（Self-Reflection and Insight Scale）与《酒精使用障碍筛查量表（AUDIT）》完成调查。结果显示，女性的自我反思水平显著高于男性，而男性的洞察力水平则更高。就酒精消费而言，青年群体的饮酒风险等级显著高于成年群体。自我反思与洞察力均与酒精消费呈显著负相关。本研究还讨论了变量间关联强度的年龄与性别差异，以及环境因素对饮酒行为调控的影响。