Results of ANOVA of LPA.

Despite known links between motivation and physical activity, latent profiles of motivation among Chinese adolescents remain unexamined. Using the person-centered approach, this paper explores the relationship between adolescent motivation and physical activity. We aim to identify the latent motivation profiles and examine how these profiles differential predict physical activity (PA) levels, with attention to gender and age variations. This study recruited 571 adolescents (M age = 11.995, SD = 1.519) in southern China by the scale of Sport Motivation Scale and International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form. We conducted latent profile analysis (LPA) to classify motivation subgroups using Mplus. MANOVA and ANOVA were employed to compare PA differences across profiles, genders, and education levels. The results indicate that three profile model is the optimal model: Low Motivation-High Amotivation (8.45%), Moderate Motivation-High Amotivation (60.61%), and High Autonomous Motivation (30.94%). The subgroup with higher scores of intrinsic motivation and external motivation reported more PA. Moreover, male’s PA is significantly more active than female adolescents, while older adolescents have less PA than younger adolescents. This study identified adolescents with different motivation profiles and PA. Findings suggest the need for more personalized strategies to promote adolescent participation in PA and provide a novel insight into intervention for adolescents with low motivation. Further research could be measured by objective methods and long-term design.

尽管已有研究证实动机与体育活动间存在关联，但目前针对中国青少年群体的动机潜在剖面（Latent Profile）仍未得到系统探索。本研究采用以个体为中心的研究范式，探讨青少年动机与体育活动之间的关联。本研究旨在识别青少年的动机潜在剖面，并考察这些剖面对体育活动（Physical Activity, PA）水平的差异化预测效应，同时兼顾性别与年龄的差异。本研究在中国南方地区招募了571名青少年（平均年龄M=11.995岁，标准差SD=1.519），采用《运动动机量表》（Sport Motivation Scale）与《国际体育活动问卷简版》（International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form）开展测评。本研究借助Mplus软件开展潜在剖面分析（Latent Profile Analysis, LPA），对青少年的动机亚组进行划分；随后采用多元方差分析（MANOVA）与单因素方差分析（ANOVA），比较不同动机剖面、性别及受教育水平群体间的体育活动差异。研究结果显示，三剖面模型为最优拟合模型：分别为低动机-高无动机组（8.45%）、中等动机-高无动机组（60.61%）以及高自主动机组（30.94%）。内在动机与外在动机得分更高的亚组，其体育活动水平也显著更高。此外，男性青少年的体育活动量显著高于女性青少年，而年龄较大的青少年体育活动量低于年龄较小的青少年。本研究明确了具有不同动机剖面与体育活动水平的青少年群体。研究结果提示，需制定更具个性化的干预策略以推动青少年参与体育活动，同时为低动机青少年的干预工作提供了全新的研究视角。未来可采用客观测评方法与长期追踪设计开展进一步研究。