Data_Sheet_1_Trends and disparities in sleep quality and duration in older adults in China from 2008 to 2018: A national observational study.pdf

BackgroundPoor sleep status as a common concern is a risk factor for many health problems among older people. China with an aging society lacks relevant nationwide data on the sleep status among older people. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate trends and disparities in sleep quality and duration among older adults, and exploring influencing factors of poor sleep in China between 2008 and 2018.
MethodWe used the four-waves data of the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS) from 2008 to 2018. Sleep quality and average sleep hours per day was investigated by using questionnaires in the CLHLS. We categorized sleep duration as three groups including ≤5 h (short duration), 5–9 h (normal duration), or ≥9 h (long duration) per day. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to examine trends and risk factors of poor sleep quality, short sleep duration, and long sleep duration.
ResultsThe prevalence of poor sleep quality significantly increased from 34.87% in 2008 to 47.67% in 2018 (p < 0.05). Short sleep duration significantly increased from 5.29 to 8.37%, whereas long sleep duration decreased from 28.77 to 19.27%. Multivariate analysis showed that female sex, poor economic status, a greater number of chronic diseases, underweight, poor self-reported quality of life, and poor self-reported health were associated with poor sleep quality and short sleep duration (p < 0.05).
ConclusionOur findings revealed that older adults had increased prevalence of poor sleep quality and short sleep duration from 2008 to 2018. More attention should be paid to the increased sleep problems among older adults and early interventions should be made to improve sleep quality and guarantee enough sleep time.

背景：睡眠状况不佳作为一项普遍的健康关切，是老年人群罹患多种健康问题的危险因素。中国正处于老龄化社会，目前尚缺乏覆盖全国范围的老年人群睡眠状况相关研究数据。因此本研究旨在调查2008至2018年间中国老年人睡眠质量与睡眠时长的变化趋势及群体差异，并探讨该时期内中国老年人不良睡眠的影响因素。
方法：本研究使用2008至2018年中国老年健康与长寿追踪调查（Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey, CLHLS）的四轮追踪数据。该调查通过问卷形式收集老年人的睡眠质量与日均睡眠时间信息。本研究将睡眠时长划分为三类：每日≤5小时（短睡眠时长）、5~9小时（正常睡眠时长）及≥9小时（长睡眠时长）。采用多因素logistic回归模型，分析不良睡眠质量、短睡眠时长及长睡眠时长的变化趋势与危险因素。
结果：研究结果显示，不良睡眠质量的患病率从2008年的34.87%显著上升至2018年的47.67%（p < 0.05）。短睡眠时长的患病率从5.29%显著升至8.37%，而长睡眠时长的患病率则从28.77%下降至19.27%。多因素分析表明，女性、经济状况不佳、患慢性病数量较多、体重过低、自我报告生活质量较差以及自我报告健康状况不佳，均与不良睡眠质量及短睡眠时长显著相关（p < 0.05）。
结论：本研究结果揭示，2008至2018年间中国老年人不良睡眠质量与短睡眠时长的患病率均呈上升趋势。应进一步关注老年人群日益凸显的睡眠问题，并尽早开展干预措施以改善睡眠质量、保障充足睡眠时间。