FROM REVELRY TO PERFORMANCE: BIOPOWER IN THE ORGANIZATION OF THE CARNIVAL OF OLINDA

ABSTRACT Purpose: The present study aims to understand how biopower is manifested in the organization of the Carnival of Olinda. For this, Carnival is studied as a complex organization, comprehending this concept beyond formal organizations, and power is studied under the Foucaultian perspective, which constitutes the theoretical lens of this investigation, allowing us to understand it even in its most diffuse manifestations, at the level of micro-practices, articulating the dimensions of security and wealth in the organization of the festivity. Originality/value: The notion of biopower in the management of big events shows itself to be a relevant theoretical construction, at a time when popular folksies have been increasingly permeated by business and tourism logics. The intensive use of public space requires technologies that allow freedom and entertainment while providing security and risk minimization to the patrimony and the population. The Carnival investigated has great media and touristic visibility, but it is little contemplated in the organizational studies. Design/methodology/approach: A Foucauldian Discourse Analysis was carried out on the journalistic coverage of four Carnivals in a 10-year interval (1986, 1996, 2006, 2016) in two local newspapers, the only ones circulating during throughout the study period. Findings: The results point to a growing market order, in which tourism and entertainment demands generate economic results for the city, while at the same time demanding a standardization, vigilance and loss prevention, resulting in a biopolitical production.

摘要
研究目的：本研究旨在探讨生命权力（biopower）在奥林达狂欢节（Carnival of Olinda）组织运作中的具体表现形式。为此，本研究将狂欢节视为复杂组织展开分析，突破正式组织的范畴界定该概念；同时以福柯式（Foucaultian）视角作为本次研究的理论框架，借此得以洞察权力在微观实践层面的弥散性表现，并结合节庆组织中的安全与财富维度展开系统性分析。

原创性与价值：在民间节庆活动日益被商业与旅游逻辑渗透的当下，大型活动管理领域中的生命权力理念已然成为极具现实意义的理论建构。公共空间的集约利用需要配套技术手段，在保障活动自由性与娱乐性的同时，实现对城市遗产与民众的安全防护及风险最小化。本次研究聚焦的奥林达狂欢节拥有极高的媒体与旅游关注度，但目前在组织研究领域却鲜有涉猎。

研究设计与方法：本研究选取两份在整个研究时段内持续发行的地方报纸，对1986年、1996年、2006年、2016年（跨度10年）的四届奥林达狂欢节新闻报道展开福柯式（Foucaultian）话语分析。

研究发现：结果表明，市场秩序呈现扩张态势，旅游与娱乐需求在为城市带来经济收益的同时，也催生了标准化治理、常态化警戒与风险防控的管理模式，最终形成生命政治生产的治理结果。