POSTURE OPTIMIZATION IN SWIMMING BASED ON SPORTS MECHANICS

ABSTRACT Introduction Speed and posture are two determining factors for the success of swimmers. Posture optimization can make athletes’ actions more standardized and improve their speed at a competitive level. Objective Explore the optimization of swimming posture based on sports mechanics. Methods In the controlled experiment, the control group was given routine training, while the experimental group was given sport mechanics-based swimming posture optimization training. A duration of 60 minutes daily, three times a week. The experiment was completed in 6 weeks. Data by computerized cinematography were extracted using the reflective marking ball technique. Its mechanical motion and time consumption characteristics were collected before and after the experiment, cataloged, compared, and discussed statistically. Results Daily and posture optimization training can improve athletes’ body extension range. The effect of the experimental group in improving the range of body extension was shown to be greater than the standard training and slightly greater than the daily training by shortening the action time. Conclusion The posture optimization scheme for swimming based on sports mechanics can improve athletes’ extension range and speed. Physical education teachers and coaches should further optimize and promote the swimming posture optimization scheme to improve the performance of their athletes. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment outcomes.

摘要
引言
速度与姿势是决定游泳运动员竞技表现优劣的两大核心要素。姿势优化可使运动员动作更趋规范，进而在竞技场景中提升游泳速度。
研究目的
探索基于运动力学（sports mechanics）的游泳姿势优化方案。
研究方法
本对照实验中，对照组接受常规游泳训练，实验组则接受基于运动力学的游泳姿势优化训练。训练每日开展60分钟，每周3次，实验周期共计6周。本研究采用反光标记球技术（reflective marking ball technique），对计算机摄影术（computerized cinematography）采集的运动数据进行提取，分别采集实验前后受试者的机械运动特征与动作耗时特征，并完成分类编目、对比分析与统计学研讨。
研究结果
日常训练与姿势优化训练均可提升运动员的身体伸展幅度。相较于常规训练，实验组对身体伸展幅度的提升效果更为显著；且通过缩短动作耗时，其优化效果略优于日常训练。
研究结论
基于运动力学的游泳姿势优化方案，可同时提升运动员的身体伸展幅度与游泳速度。体育教师与教练员应进一步优化并推广该游泳姿势优化方案，以提升运动员的竞技表现。证据等级为II级；治疗性研究——干预效果探究。