Table 1_Cross-cultural validation of the profile of mood scale: evaluation of the psychometric properties of short screening versions.docx

The Profile of Mood States (POMS) is one of the most widely applied scales for measuring mood. Considering the advantages of short scales and increased international research, the aim of the present study was to evaluate cross-culturally the psychometric properties of a short 16-item version of the POMS. Data were collected from 15,693 participants across 10 different countries worldwide. Initially, we identified the original versions of the POMS in various languages. Subsequently, we selected 16 items based on the previously validated short form (POMS-16) for analysis. Psychometric properties of the POMS were then evaluated in samples from each studied population for each language version. Confirmatory factor analysis was conducted to assess its invariance across age groups and gender, alongside reliability estimation. Most language versions of the POMS-16 showed a good fit with the four-factor model, except for the Chinese (traditional) and Turkish versions. Reliability was generally high, except for the Vigor subscale in a small subset of languages. Regarding measurement invariance, the majority of language versions were invariant across gender and age groups, except for the Farsi language version across gender, and the Chinese, Farsi, Finnish, and Turkish versions across age. These findings enhance the cross-cultural applicability of the POMS-16, contributing to its utility in diverse populations and thus enhancing the comparability of the results. In addition, we introduced the first versions of the POMS in Farsi, Finnish, and Icelandic.

心境状态量表（Profile of Mood States, POMS）是当前应用最为广泛的心境测评量表之一。鉴于简版量表的优势以及国际研究的日益增多，本研究旨在跨文化层面评估POMS 16条目简版（POMS-16）的心理测量学特性。本研究共收集了全球10个不同国家的15693名参与者的相关数据。研究初始阶段，我们整理了各语言版本的原始POMS量表；随后，基于已通过验证的POMS-16简版筛选出16个条目用于分析。之后，针对各语言版本对应的研究人群样本，我们分别评估了POMS的心理测量学特性：通过验证性因子分析检验其在不同年龄组与性别间的测量恒常性，并开展信度估计。多数语言版本的POMS-16与四因子模型拟合良好，仅繁体中文与土耳其语版本除外。整体信度普遍较高，但少数语言版本的活力（Vigor）分量表信度偏低。在测量恒常性方面，多数语言版本的POMS-16在性别与年龄组间均满足恒常性要求，仅波斯语版本在性别维度未达要求，而中文、波斯语、芬兰语及土耳其语版本在年龄维度未满足恒常性要求。本研究结果提升了POMS-16的跨文化适用性，有助于其在多样化人群中的应用，进而提升相关研究结果的可比性。此外，本研究首次推出了波斯语、芬兰语及冰岛语版本的POMS-16量表。