Examining driving behaviors and trust in an in-vehicle warning system under uncertainty: A roundabout study

ABSTRACT: Advanced driver assistance systems (ADASs) can greatly enhance road safety by providing real-time warnings to drivers in imminent crash situations. However, the provided warning time may deviate from its designed time. There is limited research on how warning uncertainties influence drivers’ behavior, safety performance, and trust. This study conducted a driving simulator study to examine how uncertainties in warnings impact driving behaviors and trust using a roundabout driving scenario. Two warning error distributions were constructed to represent low and high warning uncertainty levels. Thirty-six participants were recruited and randomly divided into two groups under the two uncertainty levels in a driving simulator experiment. The betweengroup analysis shows that the lower warning uncertainty level group results in higher trust and that trust increases (or decreases) over time under low (or high) uncertainty levels. The within-group analysis shows that higher warning errors downgrade drivers’ trust and safety performance when the errors are high. 

摘要：高级驾驶辅助系统（Advanced Driver Assistance Systems，ADASs）可通过在即将发生碰撞的场景下向驾驶员实时推送预警信息，大幅提升道路交通安全水平。然而，实际预警时长往往与设计预期时长存在偏差。当前针对预警不确定性如何影响驾驶员行为、安全表现及信任度的相关研究仍较为有限。本研究采用环岛驾驶场景，开展驾驶模拟器实验，以探究预警不确定性对驾驶行为与信任度的影响。研究构建了两种预警误差分布，分别对应低、高两类预警不确定性水平。实验共招募36名受试者，并将其随机分为两组，分别对应两种不确定性水平。组间分析结果显示，低预警不确定性水平组的驾驶员信任度更高，且在低不确定性场景下，信任度随时间推移呈上升趋势；而在高不确定性场景下则呈下降趋势。组内分析结果表明，当预警误差较高时，更大的误差会降低驾驶员的信任度与安全表现。