HUS86 - Supplementary survey 1986

The Household Market and Nonmarket Activities (HUS) project started as a joint research project between the Industrial Institute for Economic and Social Research (IUI) and Göteborg University in 1980. The ambition was to build a consistent longitudinal micro data base on the use of time, money and public services of households.
The first main survey was carried out in 1984. In addition to a contact interview with the selected individuals, all designated individuals participated in a personal interview and two telephone interviews. All respondents were asked about their family background, education, marital status, labor market experience, and employment. In addition, questions about the household were asked of the head of household, concerning family composition, child care, health status, housing, possession of vacation homes, cars, boats and other consumption durables. At the end of the personal interview the household head had to fill out a questionnaire including questions about financing of current home, construction costs for building a house, house value and loans, imputation of property values and loans, additions/renovations 1983, maintenance and repairs, leasing, sale of previous home, assets and liabilities, and non-taxable benefits. All the respondents had to fill out a questionnaire including questions about tax-return information 1983, employment income, and taxes and support payments. Two telephone interviews were used primarily to collect data on the household´s time use and consumption expenditures.
The 1986 HUS-survey included both a follow-up of the 1984 sample (panel study) and a supplementary sample. The 1986 sample included
1) all respondents participating in the 1984 survey, 2) the household heads, partners and third persons who should have participated in 1984 but did not (1984 nonresponse), 3) those individuals who started living together after the 1984 interview with an selected individual who participated or was supposed to participate in 1984, 4) members of the 1984 household born in 1966 or 1967.
If entering a new household, for example because of leaving their parental home, the household head and his/her partner were also interviewed. Respondents participating in the 1984 survey were interviewed by telephone in 1986.
Questions dealt with changes in family composition, housing, employment, wages and child care, and it was not only recorded whether a change had occurred, and what sort of change, but also when it occurred. The respondents also received a questionnaire by mail with questions mainly concerning income and assets.
Respondents not participating in the earlier survey were interviewed in person and were asked approximately the same questions as in the 1984 personal interview.
The 1988 HUS-survey was considerably smaller than the previous ones. It was addressed exclusively to participants in the 1986 survey, and consisted of a self-enumerated questionnaire with a nonrespondent follow-up by telephone. The questions dealt with changes in housing conditions, employment and household composition. The questionnaire also contained some questions on household income.
In many respect the 1991 HUS-survey replicated the 1988 survey. The questions were basically the same in content and range, and the survey was conducted as a self-enamurated questionnaire sent out by mail. This time, however, in contrast to the 1988 survey, an attempt was made to include in the survey the new household members who had moved into sample households since 1986, as well as young people who turned 18 after the 1986 survey. Earlier respondents received a questionnaire by mail containing questions about their home, their primary occupation and weekly work hours since May 1988 (event-history data), earnings in 1989, 1990 and 1991, household composition and any changes in it that might have occurred since 1988, child care and some questions on income. New respondents were also asked about their education and labor-market experience.
With respect to its design and question wording, the 1993 survey is a new version of the 1986 survey. The survey is made up of four parts:
1) the panel survey, which was addressed mainly to respondents in the 1991 survey, with certain additions; 2) the so-called supplementary survey, which focused on a new random sample of individuals; 3) the so-called nonresponse survey, which encompassed respondents who had participated in at least one of the earlier surveys but had since dropped out; 4) the time-use survey, which included the same sample of respondents as those in the panel and supplementary surveys.
Individuals in the nonresponse group were not included in the time-use survey. Most of the questions in the first three surveys were the same, but certain questions sequences were targeted to the respondents in a specific survey. Thus certain retrospective questions were asked of the nonresponse group, while specific questions on social background, labor market experience etc. were addressed to new respondents. In the case of respondents who had already participated in the panel, a combined contact and main interview was conducted by telephone, after which a self-enumerated questionnaire was sent out to each respondent by mail. The panel sample also included young people in panel households who were born in 1973 or 1974 as well as certain new household members who had not previously been interviewed. These individuals, like new respondents, were not interviewed by telephone until they had been interviewed personally. Thus technically they were treated in the same manner as individuals in the supplementary sample. The new supplementary sample was first contacted by telephone and then given a fairly lengthy personal interview, at the conclusion of which each respondent was asked to fill out a written questionnaire. In this respect the survey design for the nonresponse sample was the same as for the supplementary sample. The nonresponse sample also included young people born in 1973 or 1974 as well as certain new household members. The time-use interviews were conducted by telephone. For each respondent two days were chosen at random from the period from February 15, 1993 to February 14, 1994 and the respondents were interviewed about their time use during those two days. If possible, the time-use interviews were preceded by the other parts of the survey, but this was not always feasible. In each household the household head and spouse/partner were interviewed, as well as an additional person in certain households. Questions regarding the household as a whole were asked of only one person in the household, preferably the household head. As in earlier surveys, data from the interviews was subsequently supplemented by registry data, but only for those respondents who had given their express consent. There is registry information for 75-80 percent of the sample. The telephone interview is divided into following sections: administrative data; labor market experience; employment; job-seekers; not in labor force; education; family composition; child care; health status; other household members; housing conditions; vacation homes; and cars and boats. The questionnaire was divided into twelve sections: sale of previous home; acquisition of current home; construction costs for building a home; house value and loans; repairs; insurance; home-related expenses; sale of previous home; assets; household income; taxes; and respondent income 1992.
The 1996 telephone interview is divided into following sections: administrative data; labor market experience; employment; job-seekers; not in labor force; education; family composition; child care; health status; other household members; housing conditions; vacation homes; cars and boats; and environment. The questionnaire was divided into twelve sections: sale of previous home; acquisition of current home; construction costs for building a home; house value and loans; repairs; insurance; home-related expenses; sale of previous home; assets; household income; taxes; and respondent income 1995.
The 1998 telephone interview is divided into following sections: administrative data; labor market experience; employment; job-seekers; not in labor force; education; family composition; child care; health status; other household members; housing conditions; vacation homes; cars and boats; and municipal service. The questionnaire was divided into nine sections: sale of previous home; house value and loans; insurance; home-related expenses; assets; household income; inheritances and gifts; black-market work; and respondent income 1997.

家庭市场与非市场活动（Household Market and Nonmarket Activities，HUS）项目于1980年启动，最初是经济与社会研究工业研究所（Industrial Institute for Economic and Social Research，IUI）与哥德堡大学（Göteborg University）的联合研究项目。其目标是构建一个关于家庭时间、金钱使用及公共服务获取的一致性纵向微观数据库。
首次主要调查于1984年开展。除了对选定个体进行接触性访谈外，所有指定个体均参与了一次个人访谈及两次电话访谈。所有受访者需回答关于家庭背景、教育程度、婚姻状况、劳动力市场经验及就业状况的问题。此外，针对户主的家庭相关问题包括家庭构成、儿童照料、健康状况、住房情况、度假屋、汽车、船只及其他耐用消费品的拥有情况。在个人访谈结束时，户主需填写一份问卷，内容涉及当前住房的融资情况、建房成本、房屋价值与贷款、房产价值与贷款的估算、1983年的增建/翻新、维护与维修、租赁、之前住房的出售、资产与负债以及非应税福利。所有受访者还需填写一份关于1983年纳税申报信息、就业收入、税费与补助支付的问卷。两次电话访谈主要用于收集家庭时间使用与消费支出的数据。
1986年HUS调查既包含对1984年样本的随访（面板研究），也包含补充样本。1986年样本包括：1）所有参与1984年调查的受访者；2）1984年应参与但未参与的户主、配偶及第三人；3）1984年访谈后与已参与或应参与1984年调查的选定个体开始同居的人员；4）1984年样本家庭中1966年或1967年出生的成员。若受访者进入新家庭（例如离开父母家），其户主及配偶也需接受访谈。1984年的受访者在1986年通过电话接受访谈。问题涉及家庭构成、住房、就业、工资及儿童照料的变化，不仅记录变化是否发生及类型，还记录变化发生的时间。受访者还会收到一份邮寄自填式问卷，主要涉及收入与资产。未参与此前调查的受访者需接受个人访谈，问题与1984年个人访谈大致相同。
1988年HUS调查规模远小于此前的调查。该调查仅针对1986年的参与者，采用自填式问卷，并对无应答者进行电话随访。问题涉及住房条件、就业及家庭构成的变化，问卷也包含部分家庭收入问题。
1991年HUS调查在诸多方面复刻了1988年调查。问题内容与范围基本一致，调查形式为邮寄自填式问卷。但与1988年调查不同的是，本次尝试将1986年以来迁入样本家庭的新成员以及1986年调查后年满18岁的年轻人纳入调查。此前的受访者收到邮寄问卷，内容涉及自1988年5月以来的住房、主要职业及每周工作时长（事件史数据）、1989年、1990年及1991年的收入、家庭构成及1988年以来的变化、儿童照料及部分收入问题。新受访者还需回答教育及劳动力市场经验相关问题。
就设计与问题表述而言，1993年调查是1986年调查的新版本。该调查由四部分组成：1）面板调查，主要针对1991年调查的受访者，并补充了特定人员；2）补充调查，聚焦新的个体随机样本；3）无应答调查，涵盖至少参与过一次此前调查但后来退出的受访者；4）时间使用调查，样本与面板及补充调查的受访者相同。无应答组的个体未纳入时间使用调查。前三部分调查的多数问题相同，但某些问题序列针对特定调查的受访者。例如，对无应答组提出部分回顾性问题，而对新受访者提出社会背景、劳动力市场经验等特定问题。对于已参与面板的受访者，先通过电话进行接触与主访谈相结合的访谈，随后向每位受访者邮寄自填式问卷。面板样本还包括面板家庭中1973年或1974年出生的年轻人以及此前未接受访谈的特定新家庭成员。这些个体与新受访者一样，需先接受个人访谈，再进行电话访谈，因此在技术上与补充样本的个体待遇相同。新补充样本先通过电话接触，随后进行较长时间的个人访谈，访谈结束时要求每位受访者填写书面问卷。无应答样本的调查设计与补充样本相同，也包括1973年或1974年出生的年轻人及特定新家庭成员。时间使用访谈通过电话进行，从1993年2月15日至1994年2月14日期间随机选择两天，询问受访者这两天的时间使用情况。若可能，时间使用访谈先于其他部分调查，但并非总能实现。每个家庭中，户主及配偶/伴侣需接受访谈，部分家庭还包括其他成员。仅向家庭中的一人（优先为户主）询问家庭整体相关问题。与此前调查相同，访谈数据随后会补充登记数据，但仅针对明确同意的受访者。样本中75%-80%的人提供了登记信息。电话访谈分为以下部分：行政数据、劳动力市场经验、就业、求职者、非劳动力人口、教育、家庭构成、儿童照料、健康状况、其他家庭成员、住房条件、度假屋、汽车与船只。问卷分为十二部分：之前住房的出售、当前住房的购置、建房成本、房屋价值与贷款、维修、保险、住房相关支出、之前住房的出售、资产、家庭收入、税费、1992年受访者收入。
1996年电话访谈分为以下部分：行政数据、劳动力市场经验、就业、求职者、非劳动力人口、教育、家庭构成、儿童照料、健康状况、其他家庭成员、住房条件、度假屋、汽车与船只、环境。问卷分为十二部分：之前住房的出售、当前住房的购置、建房成本、房屋价值与贷款、维修、保险、住房相关支出、之前住房的出售、资产、家庭收入、税费、1995年受访者收入。
1998年电话访谈分为以下部分：行政数据、劳动力市场经验、就业、求职者、非劳动力人口、教育、家庭构成、儿童照料、健康状况、其他家庭成员、住房条件、度假屋、汽车与船只、市政服务。问卷分为九部分：之前住房的出售、房屋价值与贷款、保险、住房相关支出、资产、家庭收入、遗产与馈赠、黑市工作、1997年受访者收入。