Table_5_A Proteomic View of the Cross-Talk Between Early Intestinal Microbiota and Poultry Immune System.xlsx

Proteomics has been used to investigate cross-talk between the intestinal microbiome and host biological processes. In this study, an in ovo technique and a proteomics approach was used to address how early bacterial colonization in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) could modulate inflammatory and immune responses in young broilers. Embryos at 18 embryogenic days were inoculated with saline (S), 102 CFU of Citrobacter freundii (CF), Citrobacter species (C2), or lactic acid bacteria mixture (L) into the amnion. At 10 days posthatch, ileum samples from 12 birds per treatment were selected for tandem mass spectrometry analysis. Our further findings indicated that treatment-specific influences on early GIT microbiota resulted in different immune responses in mature broilers. Predicted functional analyses revealed activation of inflammation pathways in broilers treated in ovo with L and CF. Exposure to L enhanced functional annotation related to activation, trafficking of immune cells, and skeletal growth based-network, while CF inhibited biological functions associated with immune cell migration and inflammatory response. These results highlighted that proper immune function was dependent on specific GIT microbiota profiles, in which early-life exposure to L-based probiotic may have modulated the immune functions, whereas neonatal colonization of Enterobacteriaceae strains may have led to immune dysregulation associated with chronic inflammation.

蛋白质组学（Proteomics）已被应用于探究肠道微生物组与宿主生物过程之间的相互串扰。本研究采用卵内（in ovo）操作技术与蛋白质组学方法，旨在阐明胃肠道（GIT）早期细菌定植如何调控幼年肉鸡的炎症与免疫应答。将18胚龄的肉鸡胚胎接种至羊膜腔内，分别施加生理盐水（S）、10² CFU弗氏柠檬酸杆菌（Citrobacter freundii，CF）、柠檬酸杆菌属菌株（C2）以及乳酸菌混合物（L）。孵化后第10天，从每个处理组的12只肉鸡中采集回肠样本，用于串联质谱（tandem mass spectrometry）分析。后续研究结果显示，不同处理对胃肠道早期微生物群的特异性影响，会使成年肉鸡产生不同的免疫应答。功能预测分析表明，经卵内接种L与CF处理的肉鸡，其炎症通路被激活。接种L处理组的功能注释结果显示，免疫细胞激活、转运及骨骼生长相关调控网络得到增强；而CF处理组则抑制了与免疫细胞迁移及炎症应答相关的生物学功能。本研究结果证实，正常的免疫功能依赖于特异性的胃肠道微生物群特征：早期生命阶段暴露于L基益生菌可调控免疫功能，而新生期定植肠杆菌科菌株则可能引发与慢性炎症相关的免疫失调。