Raw observation data of soil erosion and hydrodynamic parameters from runoff plots under different hedgerow configurations

This dataset presents observation data obtained from in situ simulated inflow experiments conducted from May to October 2025 at the Xingmu Soil and Water Conservation Technology Demonstration Park (42°59′N, 125°24′E), Dongliao County, Jilin Province, a typical hilly and mountainous black soil region in Northeast China. The data were collected to analyze runoff and soil erosion processes under different hedgerow configurations and to establish power function coupling relationships between runoff rate, soil erosion, and hydrodynamic parameters, respectively.

The experimental runoff plots were 5 m in horizontal projected length × 2 m in width. Four slope gradients (3°, 6°, 9°, and 15°) were set in the experiment, with an inflow intensity of 1.0 L min⁻¹ and an inflow duration of 1 h. Five hedgerow species were used, including Paspalum notatum, Melilotus officinalis, Festuca arundinacea, Medicago sativa, and Spiraea thunbergii. Bare hillslopes without hedgerows were set as the control (CK), and each treatment was performed in triplicate.

Flow velocity was measured every 5 min using the potassium permanganate tracer method. Runoff depth, flow width, and water temperature were measured synchronously at 5-min intervals. Runoff samples were collected every 2 min, and sediment samples were dried at 105 °C and weighed to determine soil erosion. The dataset includes runoff rates, runoff volume, erosion rates, soil erosion amount, and corresponding hydrodynamic parameters. Power function coupling models between runoff rate and hydrodynamic parameters, and between soil erosion and hydrodynamic parameters, were established to identify the parameters with the best predictive performance.

This dataset supports further research on hillslope hydrodynamic mechanisms, soil erosion processes, and the conservation effects of hedgerows across hilly and mountainous farmland areas.
Description: Runoff volume, unit: g.
Soil erosion rate, unit: L.
Runoff rate, unit: L m^⁻¹ min⁻¹^.
Soil erosion rate, unit: g m^⁻¹ min⁻ ¹^.
Mean flow velocity, symbol: V. Unit: cm⁻¹.
Reynolds number, symbol: Re.
Froude number, symbol: Fr.
Resistance coefficient, symbol: f.
Shear stress, symbol: τ. Unit: Pa.
Stream power, symbol: ω. Unit: N m⁻¹ s⁻¹.
Unit stream power, symbol: φ. Unit: m s⁻¹.

本数据集收录了2025年5月至10月于中国东北典型丘陵山地黑土区——吉林省东辽县兴木水土保持技术示范园（北纬42°59′，东经125°24′）开展的原位模拟放水试验观测数据。本次试验采集数据旨在分析不同植物篱（hedgerow）配置下的坡面产流产沙过程，并分别建立产流率、土壤侵蚀量与水动力参数间的幂函数耦合关系。

试验所用径流小区（runoff plot）水平投影长度为5m，宽度为2m。试验设置4组坡度梯度（3°、6°、9°、15°），放水强度为1.0 L·min⁻¹，放水时长为1小时。共选用5种植物篱物种，分别为百喜草（Paspalum notatum）、草木犀（Melilotus officinalis）、高羊茅（Festuca arundinacea）、紫花苜蓿（Medicago sativa）以及绣线菊（Spiraea thunbergii）；以无植物篱的裸坡作为对照（CK），每个处理设置3次重复。

流速采用高锰酸钾示踪法每5分钟测定一次；径流深、过水宽度与水温以5分钟间隔同步采集。每2分钟采集一次径流样品，泥沙样品经105℃烘干后称重以计算土壤侵蚀量。本数据集包含产流率、径流量、侵蚀速率、土壤侵蚀量及对应水动力参数。研究同时建立了产流率与水动力参数、土壤侵蚀与水动力参数间的幂函数耦合模型，以筛选出预测性能最优的参数。

本数据集可为丘陵山地农区坡面水动力机制、土壤侵蚀过程及植物篱水土保持效益的后续研究提供数据支撑。

数据集说明：
- 径流量，单位：g
- 土壤侵蚀速率，单位：L
- 产流率，单位：L·m⁻¹·min⁻¹
- 土壤侵蚀速率，单位：g·m⁻²·min⁻¹
- 平均流速，符号：V，单位：cm⁻¹
- 雷诺数（Reynolds number），符号：Re
- 弗劳德数（Froude number），符号：Fr
- 阻力系数，符号：f
- 剪应力，符号：τ，单位：Pa
- 水流功率，符号：ω，单位：N·m⁻¹·s⁻¹
- 单位水流功率，符号：φ，单位：m·s⁻¹