Table2_Trends and determinants of nurses’ mental health following the COVID-19 pandemic in China: a longitudinal, comparative study over a two-year period.docx

IntroductionThe COVID-19 pandemic has placed nurses at the forefront of healthcare, exposing them to various mental health challenges such as depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However the long-term effects and risk factors of the COVID-19 pandemic on nurses’ mental health are unknown. The objective of our study is to investigate the enduring impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the psychological distress and PTSD of nurses, while also identifying the factors that influence these outcomesMethodsTo investigate this question, we conducted a self-reported questionnaire survey of 8785 registered nurses recruited using snowball sampling methodology from 22 provinces in China, at five time points (T0-T4). At all times, we took measures of general health, while at the last four times we also measured PTSD. And we used logistic regression analysis to explore their impacts.ResultsThe incidence of whole levels psychological distress among nurses was 27.7% at T0, peaking at 57.6% at T4. For severe psychological distress, it began at 5.5% at T0 and rose to 9.5% at T4. PTSD rates among nurses were recorded at 7.8% in T1, reaching a maximum of 14.7% in T4. They all got progressively worse in the volatility. In all times, coping strategies are independent factors for various levels of psychological distress and PTSD, while social support is a key factor for severe psychological distress and PTSD.ConclusionsOur findings indicated a gradual deterioration in the mental health of nurses following the COVID-19 outbreak. In all instances, coping strategies exhibit an independent correlation with all grades of psychological distress and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), whereas social support emerges as an independent protective factor mitigating the risk of severe psychological distress and PTSD.

引言：COVID-19大流行将护士置于医疗工作最前沿，使他们暴露于各种心理健康挑战，如抑郁症、焦虑症和创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）。然而，COVID-19大流行对护士心理健康的长远影响及其风险因素尚不清楚。本研究旨在探究COVID-19大流行对护士心理痛苦和PTSD的持续影响，并识别影响这些结果的因素。方法：为了调查这一问题，我们采用雪球抽样法，从中国22个省份招募了8785名注册护士，在五个时间点（T0-T4）进行了自我报告问卷调查。在所有时间点，我们测量了整体健康状况，而在最后四个时间点，我们还测量了PTSD。我们使用逻辑回归分析来探究其影响。结果：护士的整体心理痛苦发生率在T0时为27.7%，在T4时达到峰值57.6%。对于严重心理痛苦，它在T0时开始于5.5%，在T4时上升到9.5%。护士的PTSD发生率在T1时为7.8%，在T4时达到最高值14.7%。所有这些指标都在波动中逐渐恶化。在所有时间点，应对策略是各种程度心理痛苦和PTSD的独立因素，而社会支持是严重心理痛苦和PTSD的关键因素。结论：我们的研究结果指出，自COVID-19疫情爆发以来，护士的心理健康状况呈逐渐恶化趋势。在所有情况下，应对策略均与所有等级的心理痛苦和创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）独立相关，而社会支持则作为一个独立的保护因素，减轻了严重心理痛苦和PTSD的风险。