Data_Sheet_1_Triticale as a Potential Trap Crop for the Wheat Stem Sawfly (Hymenoptera: Cephidae) in Winter Wheat.pdf

Trap cropping involves the use of plant species or genotypes to attract pest insects away from the main crop to avoid pest damage. In this study, we evaluated the potential of using winter triticale (x Triticosecale) as a trap crop for the wheat stem sawfly (Cephus cinctus Norton), an economically devastating pest of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). The wheat stem sawfly larvae consume parenchyma tissue within the wheat stem and cut the stem at the base causing it to lodge. Triticale is, on average taller and has a larger stem diameter than winter wheat. These traits are considered attractive to adult females when choosing hosts for oviposition. We conducted a two-year field study of one winter wheat and one winter triticale genotype combination for its potential as a trap crop. To complement the field study, we grew three genotypes of winter triticale and one winter wheat genotype in cone-tainers and infested them in the field. The cone-tainer and field studies revealed that the chosen winter triticale genotypes were not more attractive than the winter wheat genotypes for adult wheat stem sawflies. The field study also evaluated the average larval position in the stem and found the average position was variable between sampling dates in both crops. Thus, determining the precise timing of field swathing could destroy significant portions of larval populations. Future research should focus on genotype selection to establish triticale-wheat cultivar combinations to create a push-pull system.

诱集作物（trap cropping）技术指通过选用特定植物物种或基因型，将害虫从主栽作物上诱集转移，从而规避虫害造成的经济损失。本研究评估了将冬小黑麦（x Triticosecale）作为诱集作物，防控小麦茎锯蜂（Cephus cinctus Norton）的潜力——该害虫是小麦（Triticum aestivum L.）的经济毁灭性害虫。小麦茎锯蜂幼虫会取食小麦茎秆内部的薄壁组织，并在茎秆基部切断茎秆，导致植株倒伏。平均而言，小黑麦的株高显著高于冬小麦，茎秆直径也更大。这类性状被认为在成虫雌虫选择产卵寄主时具有较强吸引力。本研究针对1个冬小麦基因型与1个冬小黑麦基因型的组合，开展了为期2年的田间试验，以评估其作为诱集作物的潜力。为补充田间试验内容，我们在锥形容器（cone-tainers）中培育了3个冬小黑麦基因型与1个冬小麦基因型，并将其移至田间进行接虫处理。锥形容器育苗试验与田间试验结果均表明，供试的冬小黑麦基因型对小麦茎锯蜂成虫的吸引效果并不优于冬小麦基因型。田间试验同时评估了幼虫在茎秆内的平均栖息位置，结果显示两类作物的幼虫平均栖息位置随采样日期的变化存在显著差异。因此，精准确定田间割晒作业的时机，可有效灭杀大量幼虫种群。未来研究应聚焦于基因型筛选，以构建适配的小黑麦-小麦品种组合，从而建立推-拉（push-pull）害虫防控体系。