One Hundred Years Later: Stern-Gerlach Experiment and Dimension Witnesses

Inspired by the one-hundredth anniversary of the seminal works of Stern and Gerlach, our contribution is a proposal of how to use their famous experiment in a more contemporary perspective. Our main idea is to re-cast the experiment in the modern language of prepare-and-measure scenarios. By doing so, it is possible to connect geometric and algebraic aspects of the space of states with the physical space. We also discuss possible simulations of the SG experiment as well as some experimental properties of the experiment revealed at the statistical level. Merging a more modern perspective with a paradigmatic experiment, we hope this paper can serve as an entry door for quantum information theory and the.

受施特恩-格拉赫（Stern and Gerlach）开创性研究百年纪念的启发，本研究的核心贡献在于提出了以更具当代性的视角运用其著名实验的方案。我们的核心思路是采用制备-测量场景（prepare-and-measure scenarios）的现代语言框架重新诠释该实验，借此可将态空间的几何与代数性质与物理空间建立关联。此外，我们还讨论了施特恩-格拉赫（SG）实验的可行模拟方案，以及该实验在统计层面所揭示的若干实验性质。将更前沿的研究视角与这一范式性实验相结合，我们希望本文能够作为量子信息理论及相关领域的入门指引。