Benthic footprint of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill data analyzed from sediment cores collected aboard R/V Ocean Veritas and R/V Gyre cruises in the northern Gulf of Mexico from 2010-09-16 to 2010-10-22

This dataset contains data on the expanded footprint of the Deepwater Horizon (DWH) oil spill on benthic macrofauna and meiofauna communities analyzed from the sediment cores collected aboard R/V Ocean Veritas and R/V Gyre cruises in the northern Gulf of Mexico from 2010-09-16 to 2010-10-22. Samples were collected using an OSIL, Bowers and Connelly, multiple corers (multi-corer) from 116 stations. 12 sediment cores were collected per deployment and each deployment is a "replicate drop". Organisms were identified taxonomically and their abundance was determined. Taxonomic richness, diversity, and evenness were calculated. Concentrations of oil contaminants, organic compounds, and trace metals were measured. Grain size distribution was analyzed. A principal component analysis (PCA) revealed that 263 square kilometers were affected by the DWH oil spill, an area 78% larger than a previous estimate based on 58 stations (Montagna et al., 2013). The dataset also includes the location (latitude and longitude), date and depth of the sampling collection site. The cruise documentation was provided for the R/V Gyre (09-14-2010_Gyre) and R/V Ocean Veritas (09-24-2010_Ocean_Veritas) cruises led by chief scientists Dr. Abby Spencer and Dr. Frank Coluccio respectively.

该数据集涵盖了深水地平线（Deepwater Horizon, DWH）漏油事件对底栖大型动物（benthic macrofauna）与小型底栖生物（meiofauna）群落的扩展影响范围数据，这些数据基于2010年9月16日至10月22日期间，在墨西哥湾北部由科考船R/V Ocean Veritas和R/V Gyre开展的航次中采集的沉积物岩心分析得出。

样本通过OSIL、Bowers and Connelly品牌的多管取样器（multi-corer）在116个站位采集。每次投放采集12个沉积物岩心，每个投放单元为一个“重复投放”。

对生物进行了分类学鉴定并测定其丰度，同时计算了分类丰富度、多样性及均匀度。

此外，还测定了油污染物、有机化合物与痕量金属的浓度，并分析了粒度分布。

主成分分析（PCA）结果显示，DWH漏油事件的影响面积达263平方公里，较Montagna等人（2013）基于58个站位的先前估算值大78%。

该数据集还包含采样点的位置（纬度与经度）、采样日期及深度信息。

科考船R/V Gyre（09-14-2010_Gyre）与R/V Ocean Veritas（09-24-2010_Ocean_Veritas）航次的科考文档，分别由首席科学家Abby Spencer博士与Frank Coluccio博士提供。