European Working Conditions Survey, 2015

The <I>European Working Conditions Survey</I> (EWCS) is conducted by the European Foundation for the Improvement of Living and Working Conditions (Eurofound). Since its launch in 1990, the EWCS has provided an overview of working conditions in Europe in order to;<ul><li>assess and quantify working conditions of both employees and the self-employed across Europe on a harmonised basis;</li><li>analyse relationships between different aspects of working conditions;</li><li>identify groups at risk and issues of concern as well as of progress;</li><li>monitor trends by providing homogeneous indicators on these issues; and</li><li>contribute to European policy development in particular on quality of work and employment issues.</li></ul>The EWCS paints a wide-ranging picture of Europe at work across countries, occupations, sectors and age groups. Its findings highlight actions for policy actors to help them address the challenges facing Europe today. The EWCS is generally conducted once every five years, although an extra wave was conducted in 2001 to cover the new acceding and candidate EU countries. The survey is based on a questionnaire which is administered face-to-face to a random sample of 'persons in employment' (i.e. employees and the self-employed), representative of the working population in each EU country. An integrated dataset is also available (see SN 7363) which combines data from the first five waves of the survey in one file.<br> <br> Before working with the EWCS data, users are recommended to read the latest supplementary supporting documentation on the Eurofound <a href="http://www.eurofound.europa.eu/surveys/european-working-conditions-surveys" title="European Working Conditions Survey" target="_blank">European Working Conditions Survey</a> webpages. Further information about the series can be found there, including methodological information, technical reports and reports on translation, sampling implementation, sampling evaluation and weighting, coding, quality control, quality assurance and other publications.<br> <br> The sixth EWCS interviewed nearly 44,000 workers in 35 countries. Its findings provide detailed information on a broad range of issues, including exposure to physical and psychosocial risks, work organisation, work–life balance, and health and well-being, the reconciliation of work and private life and the sustainability of work. <br /> <br /> For the 4th edition (June 2017), an updated version of the data file was deposited. Improvements in the population figures have led to a revision to the post-stratification weights of the 6th EWCS dataset, affecting the weighting variables w4, w5_EU12, w5_EU15, w5_EU27 and w5_EU28. Although Eurofound considers that this revision should only result in marginal changes in the weighted data, users are recommended to re-run analyses using the new weights in order to assess whether the change has had any impact on the outcome. The Readme file has been updated accordingly.<br /><br />

《欧洲工作条件调查》（EWCS）由欧洲改善生活和工作条件基金会（Eurofound）开展。自1990年启动以来，EWCS一直为欧洲工作条件提供全景概览，旨在：<ul><li>基于统一标准评估并量化欧洲范围内雇员与自雇人士的工作条件；</li><li>分析工作条件各维度之间的关联；</li><li>识别风险群体、关注问题及进展领域；</li><li>通过提供相关问题的统一指标监测趋势；以及</li><li>为欧洲政策制定提供支持，尤其在工作质量与就业议题方面。</li></ul>EWCS描绘了欧洲各国、各职业、各行业及各年龄群体的工作全景。其研究结果为政策制定者指明行动方向，助力应对当前欧洲面临的挑战。EWCS通常每五年开展一次，但2001年额外增加了一轮调查，以覆盖欧盟新加入国及候选国。该调查基于问卷，通过面对面方式向“就业人员”（即雇员与自雇人士）的随机样本发放，样本代表各欧盟国家的劳动人口。此外还提供整合数据集（见SN 7363），将前五轮调查的数据合并至单一文件中。<br><br>使用EWCS数据前，建议用户查阅Eurofound官网<a href="http://www.eurofound.europa.eu/surveys/european-working-conditions-surveys" title="欧洲工作条件调查" target="_blank">《欧洲工作条件调查》</a>页面上的最新补充支持文档。该系列的更多信息可在此获取，包括方法学资料、技术报告及关于翻译、抽样实施、抽样评估与加权、编码、质量控制、质量保证的报告及其他出版物。<br><br>第六轮EWCS在35个国家访谈了近44000名劳动者。其研究结果提供了广泛议题的详细信息，包括物理与心理社会风险暴露、工作组织、工作-生活平衡、健康与福祉、工作与私人生活的协调及工作可持续性。<br><br>针对第4版（2017年6月），已存档数据文件的更新版本。人口数据的改进导致第六轮EWCS数据集的后分层权重修订，影响加权变量w4、w5_EU12、w5_EU15、w5_EU27及w5_EU28。尽管Eurofound认为此次修订仅会对加权数据产生微小变化，但建议用户使用新权重重新运行分析，以评估该变化是否对结果产生任何影响。Readme文件已相应更新。<br><br>