Table1_Perspectives on the 12 January 2020 Taal Volcano eruption: An analysis of residents’ narrative accounts.pdf

This study reconstructs the 12 January 2020 Taal Volcano eruption through the analysis of narratives from two perspectives: those of the Taal Volcano Island (TVI) residents and those living along the Taal Caldera Lakeshore (TCLS). Personal accounts of TVI residents provide an up-close look at the volcano’s behavior from the day before the eruption to the escalation of volcanic activity until the early morning after the eruption. These also include information on individual actions that helped lead to community evacuation. The decisions and resulting actions of TVI residents highlight the importance of alertness to observations of changing volcano behavior (environmental cues) based on local knowledge and long-established communication between the monitoring agency and the residents who had trust in the received warning message during the unfolding event. These paved the way for the quick action of the residents to evacuate at the most critical time. Interviews of eyewitnesses from TCLS on the other hand suggest a spectator’s first reaction to watching the motorized outrigger boats as TVI residents evacuated (social cues), waiting before taking action to evacuate themselves. While various information and education efforts were conducted in the years leading to the 2020 event, the lack of experiential knowledge among the lakeshore residents and the fact that Taal did not have any major eruption in more than 40 years mainly contributed to their hesitancy to immediately evacuate, and not until the eruption occurred.

本研究通过双视角叙事分析，还原2020年1月12日塔尔火山喷发事件：一是塔尔火山岛（Taal Volcano Island, TVI）居民的视角，二是塔尔破火山口湖岸（Taal Caldera Lakeshore, TCLS）沿岸居民的视角。塔尔火山岛居民的个人叙述，从喷发前一日、火山活动升级直至喷发后清晨，完整呈现了火山活动的近距离观测视角，同时记录了助力社区疏散的个体行动相关信息。塔尔火山岛居民的决策与后续行动，凸显了基于本土知识、结合监测机构与居民间长期建立的沟通渠道，对火山活动变化（环境线索（environmental cues））保持警觉观测的重要性——在事件进展过程中，当地居民对收到的预警信息抱有充分信任，这为他们在最关键时刻快速开展疏散行动奠定了基础。而针对塔尔破火山口湖岸居民的目击者访谈则显示，当地居民以旁观者视角，首先目睹塔尔火山岛居民搭乘机动舷外挂艇撤离的场景（社会线索（social cues）），随后选择暂缓自行撤离。尽管在2020年喷发事件发生前的多年间，当地已开展各类信息宣传与教育工作，但湖岸居民缺乏火山喷发的亲历经验，且塔尔火山已超40年未发生大规模喷发，这两大因素主要导致了他们迟迟不愿立即疏散，直至喷发发生后才采取行动。