16S rRNA amplicons from the microbial community of biomethanantion mesophilic reactors

Anaerobic digestion is a widely used technology for treating different types of waste, producing an energetic biogas composed of methane and carbon dioxide from their degradation. In order to increase the biogas energetic power, carbon dioxide could be converted into methane. Ex-situ and in-situ biomethanantion are an important technological brick among the upgrading biogas processes. In both biomethanantion processes, hydrogen is injected in an anaerobic digester in order to convert the carbon dioxide into methane through the action of the hydrogenotrophic methanogens. Hydrogen is an important intermediate in the anaerobic digestion and an unbalanced amount of hydrogen in the digester can severely affect its microbial community. Is of high interest to assess the response of the microbial community of anaerobic reactors exposed to high H2 partial pressures. In this work, 7 different inocula coming from different industrial-scale bioprocesses were exposed to high H2 partial pressure in order to study the microbial community response to this pertubation. This dataset provides the results of the 16 S rRNA amplicon sequencing of the used inocula and the final microbial communities exposed to high hydrogen partial pressures.

厌氧消化（Anaerobic Digestion）是一种广泛应用于处理各类废弃物的成熟技术，可通过废弃物的降解过程生成由甲烷与二氧化碳构成的高能生物沼气。为提升生物沼气的能量输出效能，可将其中的二氧化碳转化为甲烷。异位与原位生物甲烷化（biomethanation）是沼气提质工艺中的核心技术环节。在两类生物甲烷化工艺中，均会向厌氧消化反应器内注入氢气，借助氢营养型产甲烷菌（hydrogenotrophic methanogens）的代谢作用将二氧化碳转化为甲烷。氢气是厌氧消化过程中的关键中间代谢产物，反应器内氢气浓度失衡会对其微生物群落结构造成严重负面影响。探究厌氧反应器微生物群落对高氢气分压的响应，具有重要的研究价值。本研究选取了7种源自不同工业规模生物过程的接种物，将其置于高氢气分压环境中，以探究微生物群落对该环境扰动的响应。本数据集涵盖了实验所用接种物，以及暴露于高氢气分压环境后的最终微生物群落的16S rRNA扩增子测序（16S rRNA amplicon sequencing）结果。