Factors associated with the need for a complete denture in one arch or both arches among the elderly population

Abstract: This study aimed to identify factors associated with the need for complete dentures in one dental arch or both, among the elderly population. The cross-sectional household study was conducted with a representative sample of elderly people (65 years or older) in the state of São Paulo, Brazil, in 2015. The dependent variable was the need for complete dentures (in one arch or both), and independent variables were socioeconomic and demographic conditions, social capital, self-perception of oral health and access to dental services. Simple and multinomial logistic regression models tested effect measures (p < 0.05). A total of 5,948 elderly people participated. Results indicated that those with greater chances of needing a complete denture in one arch were male (OR = 1.54; CI95%:1.04–2.29), with fewer household goods (OR = 2.25; CI95%:1.50–3.38), lower monthly household income: R$501-1500 (OR = 3.44; CI95%:1.27–9.35), R$1501–2500 (OR = 4.11; CI95%:1.50–11.27), R$2501–4500 (OR = 2.76; CI95%:1.10–6.95), self-reported need for a complete denture (OR = 4.75; CI95%:3.08–7.35), ≥3 years since last dental appointment (OR = 1.80; CI95%:1.06–3.05), and dissatisfaction with last dental appointment (OR = 1.80; CI95%:1.06–3.05). There were more chances of the need for complete dentures in both arches among older elders (OR = 1.44; CI95%:1.06–1.88), with lower monthly household income: R$ < 501 (OR = 4.45; CI95%:1.71–11.60), R$501–1500 (OR = 4.01; CI95%:2.14–7.51), R$1501–2500 (OR = 2.95; CI95%:1.64–5.32), < 3 years of education (OR = 1.45; CI95%:1.13–1.85), feeling unhappy (OR = 2.74; CI95%:1.35–5.57), self-reported need for a complete denture (OR = 8.48; CI95%:5.75–12.50), dissatisfaction with their mouth (OR = 2.38; CI95%:1.64–3.46), ≥3 years since last dental appointment (OR = 4.28; CI95%:2.85–6.43), and dissatisfaction with last dental appointment (OR = 4.28; CI95%:2.85–6.43). The several dimensions of the determinants of the need for a complete denture reflect the influence of both demographic and socioeconomic aspects, social capital, self-perception of oral health and access to dental services.

摘要：本研究旨在明确巴西圣保罗州老年人群中，单颌或双颌全口义齿修复需求的相关影响因素。本研究于2015年在巴西圣保罗州开展横断面家庭调查，纳入年龄≥65岁的老年人群代表性样本。以单颌或双颌全口义齿修复需求作为因变量，自变量涵盖社会经济与人口学特征、社会资本、口腔健康自我感知状况以及牙科服务可及性。采用简单logistic回归与多项logistic回归模型进行效应量检验（检验水准p<0.05）。本次研究共纳入5948名老年受试者。结果显示，单颌全口义齿修复需求风险更高的人群特征包括：男性（优势比OR=1.54；95%置信区间CI95%：1.04~2.29）、家庭耐用消费品拥有量更少（OR=2.25；95%CI95%：1.50~3.38）、家庭月收入处于较低水平：501~1500雷亚尔（OR=3.44；95%CI95%：1.27~9.35）、1501~2500雷亚尔（OR=4.11；95%CI95%：1.50~11.27）、2501~4500雷亚尔（OR=2.76；95%CI95%：1.10~6.95）、自我报告存在全口义齿修复需求（OR=4.75；95%CI95%：3.08~7.35）、上次牙科就诊时间距今≥3年（OR=1.80；95%CI95%：1.06~3.05），以及对上次牙科就诊体验不满意（OR=1.80；95%CI95%：1.06~3.05）。双颌全口义齿修复需求风险更高的人群则包括：高龄老年群体（OR=1.44；95%CI95%：1.06~1.88）、家庭月收入更低：<501雷亚尔（OR=4.45；95%CI95%：1.71~11.60）、501~1500雷亚尔（OR=4.01；95%CI95%：2.14~7.51）、1501~2500雷亚尔（OR=2.95；95%CI95%：1.64~5.32）、受教育年限<3年（OR=1.45；95%CI95%：1.13~1.85）、情绪状态不佳（OR=2.74；95%CI95%：1.35~5.57）、自我报告存在全口义齿修复需求（OR=8.48；95%CI95%：5.75~12.50）、对口腔状况不满意（OR=2.38；95%CI95%：1.64~3.46）、上次牙科就诊时间距今≥3年（OR=4.28；95%CI95%：2.85~6.43），以及对上次牙科就诊体验不满意（OR=4.28；95%CI95%：2.85~6.43）。全口义齿修复需求的多维度影响因素，体现了社会人口学与社会经济特征、社会资本、口腔健康自我感知及牙科服务可及性等多方面的综合影响。