Raw spectral data: Macadamia Nut Proteome

Macadamia nuts are valued for their nutritional content, yet little is known about the factors which affect nut quality or the genetic contributions of parental lines. This study optimized a protein extraction protocol for lipid-rich macadamia nuts and applied SDS-PAGE and mass spectrometry-based proteomics to characterize nuts with known parental origin. A total of 431 high-confidence proteins were identified, with seed storage proteins (SSPs), primarily vicilin- and legumin-like globulins, comprising nearly 50% of total protein abundance. Distinct SDS-PAGE banding patterns among genotypes, including within maternal lines, indicated significant paternal influence on protein profiles. Correlation analysis confirmed that specific gel bands reveal the abundance of allergenic SSPs. Moreover, sequence coverage and post-translational modifications of SSPs varied across genotypes, indicating molecular divergence. These findings provide insights into the genetic basis of nut protein composition, inform allergenicity risk assessment, and support breeding strategies aimed at improving macadamia nut quality and developing hypoallergenic cultivars.

澳洲坚果因其营养价值而备受珍视，但影响坚果品质的因素及亲本系的遗传贡献却知之甚少。本研究优化了适用于高脂澳洲坚果的蛋白质提取方案，并采用SDS-PAGE及基于质谱的蛋白质组学技术，对已知亲本来源的坚果进行了表征分析。共鉴定出431种高置信度蛋白质，其中种子贮藏蛋白（SSPs）——主要为伴球蛋白和豆球蛋白样球蛋白——占总蛋白丰度的近50%。不同基因型（包括同一母本系内）间存在明显的SDS-PAGE条带模式差异，表明父本对蛋白质谱具有显著影响。相关性分析证实，特定凝胶条带可反映致敏性SSPs的丰度。此外，不同基因型间SSPs的序列覆盖率及翻译后修饰存在差异，表明其分子分化特征。这些发现为揭示坚果蛋白质组成的遗传基础、指导致敏风险评估，以及支持旨在提升澳洲坚果品质和培育低致敏性品种的育种策略提供了参考。