2008 Environmental Performance Index (EPI)

The 2008 Environmental Performance Index (EPI) centers on two broad environmental protection objectives: (1) reducing environmental stresses on human health, and (2) promoting ecosystem vitality and sound natural resource management. Derived from a careful review of the environmental literature, these twin goals mirror the priorities expressed by policymakers. Environmental health and ecosystem vitality are gauged using 25 indicators tracked in six well-established policy categories: Environmental Health (Environmental Burden of Disease, Water, and Air Pollution), Air Pollution (effects on ecosystems), Water (effects on ecosystems), Biodiversity and Habitat, Productive Natural Resources (Forestry, Fisheries, and Agriculture), and Climate Change. The 2008 EPI utilizes a proximity-to-target methodology in which performance on each indicator is rated on a 0 to 100 scale (100 represents �at target�). By identifying specific targets and measuring how close each country comes to them, the EPI provides a foundation for policy analysis and a context for evaluating performance. Issue-by-issue and aggregate rankings facilitate cross-country comparisons both globally and within relevant peer groups. The 2008 EPI is the result of collaboration among the Yale Center for Environmental Law and Policy (YCELP), Columbia University Center for International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN), World Economic Forum (WEF), and the Joint Research Centre (JRC), European Commission.

2008年环境绩效指数（Environmental Performance Index，EPI）围绕两大核心环境保护目标展开：（1）降低对人类健康的环境压力，（2）提升生态系统活力并健全自然资源管理。本指数基于对环境领域学术文献的系统梳理，这两大核心目标与各国政策制定者所明确的优先事项高度契合。环境健康与生态系统活力通过六大成熟政策类别下的25项指标进行评估，六大类别分别为：环境健康（Environmental Health，涵盖环境疾病负担、水体与大气污染）、大气污染（Air Pollution，针对生态系统影响）、水体（Water，针对生态系统影响）、生物多样性与栖息地（Biodiversity and Habitat）、生产性自然资源（Productive Natural Resources，涵盖林业、渔业与农业）以及气候变化（Climate Change）。2008年EPI采用目标贴近度方法论，各项指标的表现以0至100的分值进行评级（100分代表达到目标）。通过明确具体目标并测算各国的目标达成贴近度，EPI为政策分析提供了基础框架，也为绩效评估提供了参照语境。分项及综合排名可支持全球范围内及相关可比群组内的跨国比较。2008年EPI由耶鲁大学环境法律与政策中心（Yale Center for Environmental Law and Policy，YCELP）、哥伦比亚大学国际地球科学信息网络中心（Columbia University Center for International Earth Science Information Network，CIESIN）、世界经济论坛（World Economic Forum，WEF）以及欧盟委员会联合研究中心（Joint Research Centre，JRC）联合完成。