Investigation of endocrine response of thyroid and intestinal and adipose tissues due to the addition of Moringa oleifera essential oil in diet for quails exposed to heat stress

ABSTRACT In this study, we aimed to determine the effect of Moringa oleifera essential oil (MOEO) supplementation to rations of Japanese quail ( Coturnix coturnix japonica ) grown under heat stress (HS) on some adipokine (visfatin, adiponectin, and chemerin), intestinal (citrulline), 3,5,3′-triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), and thyroid-stimulation hormone (TSH) levels in the serum. For this purpose, 320 day-old male quail chicks were used. The study was conducted over 42 days, including a 7-d adaptation period and a 35-d experimental period. Eight trial groups were established, each including 10 quail: CT (control temperature, 25 ℃), MOEO 200, MOEO 400, MOEO 600, HSC (HS control), SMOEO 200, SMOEO 400, and SMOEO 600. Based on the results, a dose-dependent decrease was observed on days 21 and 42 in serum adiponectin and T3 in the stress and stress-free groups compared with the control group due to MOEO supplementation. The lowest decrease was observed in the MOEO 600 mg/kg dose group. In addition, an increase in stressed groups was observed when examining serum citrulline levels, while chemerin levels did not have a statistically significant effect. While the decrease in serum visfatin, T4, and TSH levels on the 21st day did not have a statistically significant effect, a significant effect was determined on the 42nd day. The addition of MOEO at 600 mg/kg to the ration may be beneficial in preventing intestinal damage and inflammation that may occur due to HS.

摘要 本研究旨在探究热应激（heat stress, HS）环境下饲养的日本鹌鹑（Coturnix coturnix japonica）日粮中添加辣木精油（Moringa oleifera essential oil, MOEO）对其血清中部分脂肪细胞因子——内脂素（visfatin）、脂联素（adiponectin）、趋化素（chemerin）、瓜氨酸（citrulline）、3,5,3'-三碘甲状腺原氨酸（3,5,3′-triiodothyronine, T3）、甲状腺素（thyroxine, T4）以及促甲状腺激素（thyroid-stimulation hormone, TSH）水平的影响。为此，本试验选用320只1日龄雄性鹌鹑雏鸡开展研究，试验周期共计42天，包含7天适应期与35天试验期。共设置8个试验组，每组10只鹌鹑：常温对照组（CT，25℃）、MOEO 200组、MOEO 400组、MOEO 600组、热应激对照组（HSC）、热应激MOEO 200组、热应激MOEO 400组以及热应激MOEO 600组。试验结果显示，相较于对照组，无论是否施加热应激，日粮添加MOEO均可在试验第21天与第42天使血清脂联素与T3水平的变化呈剂量依赖性：添加MOEO的组中该两项指标水平降低，且降低幅度随MOEO添加剂量升高而逐渐减小，其中以600 mg/kg MOEO添加组的降低幅度最小。此外，热应激组的血清瓜氨酸水平较对照组有所升高，而血清趋化素水平未表现出统计学显著性差异。试验第21天时，血清内脂素、T4与TSH水平的降低未达到统计学显著性，但在第42天时该降低效应具有统计学意义。综上，日粮添加600 mg/kg的MOEO或可有助于预防热应激引发的肠道损伤与炎症。