sRNA-sequence.rar

<b>Background:</b> Postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP) is the most common skeletal disease in postmenopausal women and emerging evidence demonstrated the important relationship between small non-coding RNAs and PMOP. However, piRNAs have not yet been reported in PMOP. <b>Aims:</b> This study aimed to investigate the differences in piRNA expression profiles in PMOP to identify the key circulating piRNAs in PMOP.<b>Methods: </b>Postmenopausal women with osteopenia (OPA), osteoporotic fracture (SOP)and normal bone mass (Controls) were enrolled. Serum exosomes were isolated by traditional differential ultracentrifugation from participants. Isolated exosomes were identified by electron microscopy, western blotting and nanoparticle-tracking analysis and then examined for exosomal small RNA sequencing. <b>Results: </b>Compared to controls, 249418 and 345599 piRNAs were significantly upregulated as well as 501095 and 481361 piRNAs downregulated in OPA and SOP, respectively. 85.61% and 89.12% downregulated piRNAs as well as 25.72% and 18.56% upregulated piRNAs were overlapped in OPA and SOP patients. 3565 downregulated and 4027 upregulated piRNAs were common intersected piRNAs among three groups. Among thses piRNAs, has-piR-010985, has-piR-013265, has-piR-005568 and has-piR-002501 as well as new finding piRNAs novel-pir-541077, novel-pir-972374 and novel-pir-218122 were the most common regulated piRNAs.<b>D</b><b>iscussion:</b> There were significant regulated piRNAs in PMOP which may provide clues for further understanding the biological function of piRNAs in PMOP; however the role of piRNAs in osteoporosis needs to be further addressed.<b>Conclusions:</b><b> </b>Serum exosomal piRNAs are differentially expressed in PMOP, which provides the first evidence that exosomal piRNAs may serve as candidate diagnostic biomarkers as well as potentially contribute to pathophysiology of PMOP.

**背景：** 绝经后骨质疏松症（Postmenopausal osteoporosis, PMOP）是绝经后女性最常见的骨骼疾病，越来越多的研究证据表明小型非编码RNA（small non-coding RNAs）与PMOP存在密切关联，但目前尚未有关于piRNA（Piwi-interacting RNA）在PMOP中的相关报道。**目的：** 本研究旨在探究PMOP患者的piRNA表达谱差异，从而筛选出PMOP中关键的循环piRNA。**方法：** 本研究招募绝经后骨量正常者（对照组）、骨量减少绝经后女性（OPA）及伴骨质疏松性骨折绝经后女性（SOP）作为研究对象。采用传统差速超速离心法分离受试者血清中的外泌体，通过透射电子显微镜、蛋白质印迹法（Western Blotting）以及纳米颗粒追踪分析（nanoparticle-tracking analysis）对分离得到的外泌体进行鉴定，随后对外泌体小型RNA进行测序检测。**结果：** 与对照组相比，OPA组与SOP组分别有249418、345599个piRNA显著上调，以及501095、481361个piRNA显著下调。OPA组与SOP组中分别有85.61%、89.12%的下调piRNA以及25.72%、18.56%的上调piRNA存在表达重叠。三组共有的交集piRNA包括3565个下调piRNA与4027个上调piRNA。在上述piRNA中，has-piR-010985、has-piR-013265、has-piR-005568、has-piR-002501以及新发现的novel-pir-541077、novel-pir-972374、novel-pir-218122为最具代表性的差异调控piRNA。**讨论：** 本研究证实PMOP患者血清外泌体中存在显著差异表达的piRNA，该发现可为进一步解析piRNA在PMOP中的生物学功能提供重要研究线索；但piRNA在骨质疏松症发病过程中的具体作用仍有待进一步阐明。**结论：** 血清外泌体piRNA在PMOP中存在差异表达，本研究首次提供证据表明外泌体piRNA可作为PMOP潜在的诊断候选生物标志物，同时或可参与PMOP的病理生理过程。