ADS-B Air Traffic for Anomalous Trajectory Detection

The "ADS-B Air Traffic for Anomalous Trajectory Detection" is a dataset of flight recordings from the OpenSky network, used to evaluate anomaly detection methods in the domain of aviation data.

The recordings in the dataset were all collected from flights cruising over the "LPPC" and "EGGX" airspace. The "LPPC" airspace is a flight information region (FIR) on the west coast of Portugal, which encompasses more than 600,000 square kilometers. The recordings for the "LPPC" FIR were limited to a 4-hour time frame on January 1, 2020, between 10:00 AM and 2:00 PM. The "EGGX" airspace is an FIR on the west coast of Ireland, which encompasses more than 2,300,000 square kilometers. The recordings for the "EGGX" FIR were limited to a 4-hour time frame on January 2, 2020, between 10:00 AM and 2:00 PM. In total, 42 unique flights were recorded in the selected time frames, each one containing at-least 1500 ADS-B broadcast messages, sampled each second (i.e., at-least 25-minute recordings).

• Train: 25 flights from the "LPPC" FIR, with a total of 83620 broadcast ADS-B messages (23 hours, 13 minutes, and 40 seconds)
• Validation: 10 flights from the "LPPC" FIR, with a total of 40613 broadcast ADS-B messages (11 hours, 16 minutes, and 53 seconds)
• Test: 7 flights from the "EGGX" FIR, with a total of 15392 broadcast ADS-B messages (4 hours, 16 minutes, and 32 seconds)

To simulate the anomalous flight behavior, we inject a single window of data during each flight in the testing set, after 10 minutes of flight recording, for ten consecutive minutes (window of 600 ADS-B messages). In total, four different types of injections are performed, as follows:

Noise - The anomalies are synthetically generated by adding random samples, drawn from a normal (Gaussian) distribution to the original values.

The rest of the injections are spoofed trajectories, created by data extracted from different real flight trajectories. To create a continuous spoofed trajectory, we calculate the cumulative sum of message differences from the source flight and add them to the target flight messages. The injections are as follows:

Manoeuver (Flight AIB232E) - The flight recording of an A380 Airbus pilot in Germany that traced the outline of an enormous Christmas tree during a test flight, making circular maneuvers at more than 40,000ft.

Landing (Flight TAP070) - The recording of a commercial flight landing in LPPT (Lisbon) Airport, on January 1, 2020.

Departing (Flight UAL65) - The recording of a commercial flight departing from LPPT (Lisbon) Airport, on January 1, 2020.

《用于异常轨迹检测的ADS-B航空交通数据集》是一套源自OpenSky网络的航班记录数据集，用于航空数据领域的异常检测方法评估。

本数据集收录的所有记录，均采集自飞越「LPPC」与「EGGX」空域的航班。其中「LPPC」空域为葡萄牙西海岸的飞行情报区（Flight Information Region，简称FIR），覆盖面积超过60万平方千米；该飞行情报区的记录采集时段限定为2020年1月1日10:00至14:00，共计4小时。「EGGX」空域为爱尔兰西海岸的飞行情报区，覆盖面积超过230万平方千米；该飞行情报区的记录采集时段限定为2020年1月2日10:00至14:00，共计4小时。本次采集共收录42个独特航班的记录，每个航班至少包含1500条自动相关监视广播（Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast，简称ADS-B）广播消息，采样频率为每秒1次，对应至少25分钟的记录时长。

数据集划分为训练集、验证集与测试集，具体信息如下：
• 训练集：取自「LPPC」飞行情报区的25个航班，总计83620条ADS-B广播消息，总时长为23小时13分40秒
• 验证集：取自「LPPC」飞行情报区的10个航班，总计40613条ADS-B广播消息，总时长为11小时16分53秒
• 测试集：取自「EGGX」飞行情报区的7个航班，总计15392条ADS-B广播消息，总时长为4小时16分32秒

为模拟异常飞行行为，我们在测试集的每个航班的飞行记录进行10分钟后，插入一段时长为10分钟的异常数据窗口，对应600条ADS-B消息。本次实验共设置四种不同类型的注入式异常，具体如下：

噪声异常：通过向原始数据添加服从正态（高斯）分布的随机采样值，合成生成异常数据。

其余三类异常均为欺骗式轨迹，基于其他真实航班轨迹的数据生成。具体构造方式为：计算源航班消息的差值累积和，并将其叠加至目标航班的消息中，以此生成连续的欺骗轨迹。各类注入异常如下：
1. 机动动作异常（航班AIB232E）：取自德国空客A380飞行员的测试飞行记录，该航班在4万英尺以上高空完成了巨型圣诞树轮廓的飞行路径，并进行了圆周机动动作。
2. 着陆异常（航班TAP070）：取自2020年1月1日于里斯本LPPT机场降落的商业航班记录。
3. 离场异常（航班UAL65）：取自2020年1月1日从里斯本LPPT机场起飞的商业航班记录。

搜集汇总

背景与挑战

背景概述

该数据集是一个用于异常轨迹检测的ADS-B航空交通数据集，基于OpenSky网络的飞行记录，覆盖葡萄牙和爱尔兰空域，包含42个航班的ADS-B消息。数据集分为训练、验证和测试集，其中测试集注入了四种模拟异常（如噪声和欺骗轨迹），专门设计用于评估航空数据中的异常检测方法。