Table 1_Evaluation of the intraventricular hemodynamics of patients with left ventricular dysfunction via vector flow mapping.docx

BackgroundVorticity, measured via new vector flow mapping (VFM), a quantitative marker of vortex dynamics, can reflect hemodynamic changes more sensitively, potentially offering complementary information to conventional echocardiographic indices of cardiac function.
AimsWe investigated left ventricular hemodynamics in both normal subjects and patients with left ventricular dysfunction to explore the probability of evaluating cardiac function with the assistant index, the highest vorticity value of a vortex (Vort-max).
MethodsSixty subjects were divided into 3 groups, namely, the control group, Group I (HFpEF) and Group II (HFmrEF&HFrEF), and examined via conventional echocardiography. VFM was performed from the apical 5-chamber view to calculate the vorticity during diastole and systole in the left ventricle.
ResultsHemodynamic changes were obvious during diastolic dysfunction. The Vort-max-base values of early and late diastole in Group I were greater than those in the control groups (P < 0.001). The Vort-max-apex of mid-systole in Group I was greater than that in the control group (P = 0.044). Vort-max-base in early diastole, Vort-max in all three segments in mid-diastole, Vort-max-apex and Vort-max-middle in late diastole, were associated with E/e′ and E (P < 0.05). Vort-max-middle and Vort-max-base in all three segments in late diastole was associated with A (P < 0.05).
ConclusionsBlood flow energy was detected in patients with diastolic and systolic dysfunction by using Vort-max derived from vector flow mapping. The vorticity value could be a novel parameter for evaluating the hemodynamic changes in the left ventricular cavity and cardiac diastolic function.

背景：通过新型矢量血流成像（Vector Flow Mapping, VFM）测得的涡量，作为涡流动力学的定量标志物，能够更灵敏地反映血流动力学变化，有望为传统超声心动图心脏功能指标提供补充信息。
研究目的：本研究纳入健康受试者与左心功能不全患者，分析左心室血流动力学特征，旨在探讨以涡旋最大涡量（Vort-max）作为辅助指标评估心脏功能的可行性。
研究方法：本研究共纳入60名受试者，分为对照组、I组（射血分数保留型心力衰竭（HFpEF））与II组（HFmrEF&HFrEF，射血分数中间值型心力衰竭与射血分数降低型心力衰竭），所有受试者均接受常规超声心动图检查。通过心尖五腔切面实施矢量血流成像检测，计算左心室舒张期与收缩期的涡量值。
研究结果：舒张功能不全患者的血流动力学变化较为显著。I组舒张早期与舒张晚期的基底部最大涡量（Vort-max-base）均高于对照组（P < 0.001）；I组收缩中期心尖部最大涡量（Vort-max-apex）亦高于对照组（P = 0.044）。舒张早期基底部最大涡量、舒张中期三个节段的最大涡量、舒张晚期心尖部及中间段最大涡量，均与E/e'及E值呈显著相关性（P < 0.05）；舒张晚期三个节段的中间段与基底部最大涡量，则与A值呈显著相关性（P < 0.05）。
结论：通过矢量血流成像获取的最大涡量（Vort-max），可用于检测舒张及收缩功能不全患者的血流能量变化。该涡量值有望成为评估左心室腔血流动力学变化与心脏舒张功能的新型参数。