Table8_Transcriptome analysis of Artemisia argyi following methyl jasmonate (MeJA) treatment and the mining of genes related to the stress resistance pathway.XLSX

Artemisia argyi Lev. et Vant. (A. argyi) is a perennial grass in the Artemisia family, the plant has a strong aroma. Methyl jasmonate (MeJA) is critical to plant growth and development, stress response, and secondary metabolic processes. The experimental material Artemisia argyi was utilized in this study to investigate the treatment of A. argyi with exogenous MeJA at concentrations of 100 and 200 μmol/L for durations of 9 and 24 h respectively. Transcriptome sequencing was conducted using the Illumina HiSeq platform to identify stress resistance-related candidate genes. Finally, a total of 102.43 Gb of data were obtained and 162,272 unigenes were identified. Differential analysis before and after MeJA treatment resulted in the screening of 20,776 differentially expressed genes. The GO classification revealed that the annotated unigenes were categorized into three distinct groups: cellular component, molecular function, and biological process. Notably, binding, metabolic process, and cellular process emerged as the most prevalent categories among them. The results of KEGG pathway statistical analysis revealed that plant hormone signal transduction, MAPK signaling pathway-plant, and plant-pathogen interaction were significant transduction pathways in A. argyi’s response to exogenous MeJA-induced abiotic stress. With the alteration of exogenous MeJA concentration and duration, a significant upregulation was observed in the expression levels of calmodulin CaM4 (ID: EVM0136224) involved in MAPK signaling pathway-plant and auxin response factor ARF (ID: EVM0055178) associated with plant-pathogen interaction. The findings of this study establish a solid theoretical foundation for the future development of highly resistant varieties of A. argyi.

艾蒿（Artemisia argyi Lev. et Vant.，简称A. argyi）是蒿属多年生草本植物，植株带有浓郁香气。茉莉酸甲酯（Methyl jasmonate，MeJA）对植物生长发育、胁迫响应及次生代谢过程具有关键调控作用。本研究以艾蒿为实验材料，分别设置100 μmol/L、200 μmol/L两个浓度的外源MeJA处理，处理时长分别为9 h与24 h。采用Illumina HiSeq平台开展转录组测序（transcriptome sequencing），以筛选抗逆相关候选基因。最终共获得102.43 Gb测序数据，注释得到162,272条单基因（unigene）。通过对MeJA处理前后的样本进行差异表达分析，共筛选出20,776个差异表达基因。GO分类分析显示，注释得到的单基因可划分为细胞组分、分子功能及生物学过程三大类群，其中结合功能、代谢过程与细胞过程为占比最高的富集类别。KEGG通路富集分析结果表明，植物激素信号转导、植物MAPK信号通路（MAPK signaling pathway-plant）以及植物-病原体互作是艾蒿响应外源MeJA诱导非生物胁迫的关键信号通路。随着外源MeJA浓度与处理时长的变化，参与植物MAPK信号通路的钙调蛋白CaM4（ID：EVM0136224）以及与植物-病原体互作相关的生长素响应因子ARF（ID：EVM0055178）的表达水平均出现显著上调。本研究结果为未来培育高抗艾蒿新品种奠定了坚实的理论基础。