Table 2_Stroboscopic training effects on athletic performance and cognitive function across populations, purposes, and skill types: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.xlsx

BackgroundThis systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effects of stroboscopic training on cognitive function and athletic performance across different populations, purposes, and skill types.
MethodsA comprehensive search of PubMed, Web of Science, SPORTDiscus, and Cochrane Library databases was conducted through August 2025. Only randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published in English that examined the effects of stroboscopic training on cognitive function (e.g., attention, perceptual ability, information processing speed) and athletic performance were included. Fourteen RCTs met the inclusion criteria, with 8 evaluating cognitive outcomes and 8 evaluating athletic performance.
ResultsMeta-analysis revealed that stroboscopic training produced a moderate positive effect on overall cognitive function (SMD = 0.64, 95% CI: 0.29 to 0.98, p < 0.01, I2 = 81%) and a moderate effect on athletic performance (SMD = 0.58, 95% CI: 0.37 to 0.78, p < 0.01, I2 = 64%). Total intervention duration was significantly positively correlated with effect size (cognitive: b = 0.0016, p < 0.01; athletic: b = 0.001, p < 0.01).
ConclusionsThese findings suggest that stroboscopic training, particularly protocols lasting 6–10 weeks with 2–3 sessions per week of 10–20 min each, can effectively enhance cognitive function and athletic performance, providing a promising neurocognitive training approach for sport training and clinical rehabilitation. This review followed PRISMA guidelines and was registered with PROSPERO (CRD420251070243).
Systematic Review Registrationidentifier, CRD420251070243.

背景 本系统综述与元分析旨在评估频闪训练（stroboscopic training）对覆盖不同人群、不同应用目的及不同技能类型的研究对象的认知功能与运动表现的影响。
方法 本研究于2025年8月前对PubMed、Web of Science、SPORTDiscus及Cochrane Library四大数据库进行了全面的文献检索。仅纳入以英文发表、探讨频闪训练对认知功能（含注意力、感知能力、信息处理速度等维度）与运动表现影响的随机对照试验（randomized controlled trials, 简称RCTs）。最终共有14项随机对照试验符合纳入标准，其中8项评估认知结局指标，8项评估运动表现指标。
结果 元分析结果显示，频闪训练对整体认知功能具有中等程度的正向效应（标准化均数差standardized mean difference, SMD=0.64，95%置信区间95% confidence interval, 95% CI：0.29~0.98，p<0.01，I²=81%），对运动表现亦具有中等程度的效应（SMD=0.58，95%CI：0.37~0.78，p<0.01，I²=64%）。总干预时长与效应量存在显著正相关关系（认知功能维度：b=0.0016，p<0.01；运动表现维度：b=0.001，p<0.01）。
结论 本研究结果表明，频闪训练可有效提升认知功能与运动表现，其中尤以总干预时长6~10周、每周开展2~3次、每次10~20分钟的训练方案效果最优。该方案可为运动训练与临床康复领域提供一种极具应用前景的神经认知训练方法。本综述遵循PRISMA指南规范，并已在PROSPERO平台完成注册（注册号：CRD420251070243）。
系统综述注册信息：标识符CRD420251070243。