Geosciences Content in Science Textbooks for Elementary School I: Identifying its Presence and the Addressed Themes

Abstract: A number of researchers point out the importance of Geosciences content in the construction of the elementary school curriculum. However, over the last decades this content has been reduced in the school curriculum and is currently present mainly in the subjects of Sciences and Geography in Elementary School. Studies in this area have focused on understanding geosciences, especially in elementary and high school. This research, however, sought to understand the presence of geosciences content within the thematic units proposed by the Common National Curriculum Base (BNCC) in Elementary School I by using, for this purpose, didactic Science manuals adopted by Plano Nacional do Livro Didático 2019 for the municipal education network of a Brazilian city. To quantify this content, a counting methodology is described using ¼-page increments. It was found that geosciences content is significantly present in this cycle of education, distributed in all analyzed manuals and in all thematic units proposed by BNCC.

摘要：多位研究者指出，地球科学（Geosciences）内容在小学课程体系建设中具有重要价值。然而近数十年来，该类内容在学校课程中的占比持续缩减，目前仅主要见于小学阶段的科学与地理学科。当前该领域的研究多聚焦于中小学阶段的地球科学教学认知，但本研究则以巴西某城市市级教育网络采用的2019年全国教科书教学计划（Plano Nacional do Livro Didático）配套科学教学手册为研究载体，旨在探究全国共同课程基础（Common National Curriculum Base，BNCC）为小学第一学段设定的主题单元中地球科学内容的呈现情况。为实现该类内容的量化统计，本文阐述了一种以1/4页面为计数增量单元的统计方法。研究结果显示，地球科学内容在该教育学段中占有显著比例，且分布于所有被分析的教学手册以及全国共同课程基础提出的全部主题单元中。