Soybean in succession to the residue of the sorghum/Paiaguás grass straw with Azospirillum brasilense

ABSTRACT One of the alternatives to achieve agriculture with sustainability and reduction in production costs, mainly with fertilizers, is the formation of straw from the previous crop and the use of genus Azospirillum bacteria. The objective of this study was to evaluate the agronomic characteristics and yield of soybean, cultivated in areas under straw of sorghum regrowth inoculated or not with diazotrophic bacteria, single or intercropped with Paiaguás grass under Integrated System of Agricultural Production, in Cerrado region. It was used a complete randomized block design, in a 2 x 2 x 2 factorial arrangement, with four replications, in two agricultural years: with the cultivation of dual-purpose and grain sorghum, single or intercropped with Paiaguás grass, with or without inoculating sorghum seeds with the bacterium Azospirillum brasilense. Soybean production and yield components were evaluated. Inoculation of grain or dual-purpose sorghum seeds with Azospirillum brasilense intercropped with Paiaguás grass, before soybean cultivation, increased the components of production and grain yield of soybean in succession.

摘要：实现农业可持续发展并降低生产成本（尤以肥料成本为重点）的可行途径之一，是利用前茬作物秸秆覆盖以及接种固氮螺菌属（Azospirillum）细菌。本研究旨在评估巴西塞拉多（Cerrado）地区整合农业生产系统（Integrated System of Agricultural Production）下，接种或未接种固氮细菌的再生高粱秸秆覆盖田块中，单作或与帕亚瓜斯草（Paiaguás grass）间作的大豆农艺性状与产量表现。试验采用完全随机区组设计，设置2×2×2因子排列方案，设置4次重复，涵盖两个农业生产季：分别种植单作或与帕亚瓜斯草间作的粮饲兼用型高粱、籽粒高粱，且高粱种子均接种或未接种巴西固氮螺菌（Azospirillum brasilense）。本研究测定了大豆产量及其构成因素。结果表明，在大豆种植前，对与帕亚瓜斯草间作的籽粒高粱或粮饲兼用型高粱种子接种巴西固氮螺菌，可提升其后茬大豆的产量构成要素与籽粒产量。