Children’s Activities Survey 2009 - Moldova

Abstract
---------------------------

The Children’s Activities Survey (CAS) was conducted by the National Bureau of Statistics of Moldova in October-December 2009 as a module of the nationwide Labour Force Survey (LFS) that has been implemented in Moldova on a quarterly basis since 1998. The CAS provides reliable estimates on the activities of children aged 5-17 (inclusive) for the nation as a whole; for the four statistical regions of Moldova (North, Centre, South, Chisinau Municipality); by geographical area (urban/rural); and by sex (male/female).

The survey aimed to provide an understanding of the prevalence of employment among children and child labour, the main characteristics of working children, and the potential consequences of employment as measured by school and health outcomes.

Geographic coverage
---------------------------

National coverage

Analysis unit
---------------------------

- Children aged 5-17

Kind of data
---------------------------

Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure
---------------------------

Sample Design
The CAS was conducted as a module of a larger, regularly conducted Labour Force Survey (LFS), which is the main survey instrument used to collect labour market data in Moldova. The sample size was chosen so as to allow for representative estimates of key child-labour indicators for the country at large as well as for urban and rural areas and for the four statistical regions of the country, namely, North, Centre, South and Chisinau Municipality, which includes the capital city.

Sample Selection
The LFS employs a complex, two-stage sample design based on probabilistic sampling. In Stage I, all primary sampling units (PSU) from the Multi-dimensional Sample for Social Research (EMDOS) master sample were included, with the PSUs in the EMDOS selected using probability-proportional-to-size (PPS) sampling. Population Census lists (2004) combined with the lists of electricity consumers (2007) were also used as the sampling frame. In Stage II, households were initially selected using simple random sampling (SRS); from these, households identified as having children aged 5-17 – the target population – were selected for interviewing in the CAS. The sampling frame for Stage II was comprised of the LFS sample for the first, second and fourth quarter.

The CAS survey was conducted as an ad-hoc survey using the LFS sample for the first, second and the fourth quarter of 2009. The LFS sample comprises 12,000 households in 150 Primary Sampling Units (PSUs). Due to the rotational structure of the LFS, some households included in the LFS are interviewed in more than one consecutive month/quarter. Consequently, the total sample size for the CAS would be 36,000 households (LFS: Q1+Q2+Q4), if it were to include the multiple appearances of each household in the rotation scheme. However, in calculating the CAS sample size, individual households were counted only once. Thus, the CAS sample size consisted of 18,400 households, comprised of 23 rotational groups (sub-samples) of 800 households each, and was estimated to include 5,054 households with at least one child aged 5-17 years. This sample was obtained by combining a sub-sample of 3,534 households that had been sampled in the LFS for the first and second quarters of 2009 (Rotational Groups a-g and j-s) with a sub-sample of 1,520 households that were not included in the LFS until after the second quarter of 2009 (Rotational Groups t-y). Estimated numbers of children aged 5-17 expected to be interviewed included 2,194 in the first sub-sample and 5,246 in the second sub-sample, for a total estimate of 7,440 children.

Mode of data collection
---------------------------

Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument
---------------------------

The CAS questionnaire was developed based on the ILO/SIMPOC model Child Labour Survey questionnaire and was appended as a module to the LFS, which is conducted quarterly and is addressed to individuals 15 years of age and over. Like most labour force surveys, it collects information on basic demographics, employment outcomes and inactivity. Since 2006, the LFS has also collected information on labour market earnings of adults; however, this information is not publicly released.

The CAS consists of 43 questions distributed over four main sections, namely: Educational Attainment; Economic Activity; Unpaid Household Services; and Health and Safety Issues. Although the questionnaire is addressed to children aged 5-17, in 36.3 percent of cases (n=2,454 children), another household member answered the questionnaire on the child’s behalf. The proportion of children answering the questionnaire themselves increased with age up until age 14 (76.6%), but decreased thereafter up until age 17 (62%).

Data appraisal
---------------------------

Data Calibration
After weighting for non-response, data was calibrated in order to adjust the marginal distribution of variables (sex, age urban/rural, region) within the sample to that of the actual population (according to the current demographic statistics as of 1 January 2009). Calibration was performed until population estimates for each variable were adjusted to within 1.0 percent of the actual reported population.

Further details on data calibration process is given in Appendix D of the final report.

摘要
---------------------------

儿童活动调查（CAS）由摩尔多瓦国家统计局于2009年10月至12月进行，作为自1998年起在摩尔多瓦每季度定期实施的全国劳动力调查（LFS）的一个模块。CAS提供了对全国5-17岁（含）儿童活动活动的可靠估计；针对摩尔多瓦的四个统计区域（北部、中部、南部、基希讷乌市）；按地理区域（城市/农村）以及性别（男/女）划分。

调查旨在理解儿童就业和童工的普遍性，工作儿童的典型特征，以及通过学校和健康结果衡量的就业潜在后果。

地理覆盖范围
---------------------------

全国覆盖

分析单元
---------------------------

- 5-17岁儿童

数据类型
---------------------------

样本调查数据 [ssd]

抽样程序
---------------------------

样本设计

CAS作为更大规模、定期进行的劳动力调查（LFS）的一个模块进行，LFS是摩尔多瓦收集劳动力市场数据的主要调查工具。样本量选择旨在允许对整个国家、城市和农村地区以及国家的四个统计区域（北部、中部、南部和基希讷乌市，包括首都）的关键童工指标进行代表性估计。

样本选择

LFS采用基于概率抽样的复杂两阶段样本设计。在第一阶段，将多维样本社会研究（EMDOS）主样本中的所有一级抽样单元（PSU）包括在内，使用概率比例大小（PPS）抽样选择EMDOS中的PSU。2004年的人口普查名单与2007年的电力用户名单也用作抽样框架。在第二阶段，最初使用简单随机抽样（SRS）选择家庭；然后从这些家庭中选择有5-17岁儿童的——目标人群——家庭进行CAS访谈。第二阶段的抽样框架包括第一季度的LFS样本、第二季度的LFS样本和第四季度的LFS样本。

CAS调查作为一项临时调查，使用了2009年第一季度的LFS样本、第二季度的LFS样本和第四季度的LFS样本。LFS样本包括150个一级抽样单元（PSU）中的12,000个家庭。由于LFS的轮换结构，一些在LFS中包括的家庭在连续的月份/季度中接受了访谈。因此，如果包括每个家庭在轮换方案中的多次出现，CAS的总样本量将为36,000个家庭（LFS：Q1+Q2+Q4）。然而，在计算CAS样本量时，每个家庭只计算一次。因此，CAS样本量由18,400个家庭组成，包括由800个家庭组成的23个轮换组（子样本），估计包括至少有一个5-17岁儿童的5,054个家庭。这个样本是通过将2009年第一季度和第二季度的LFS中抽取的3,534个家庭的子样本（轮换组a-g和j-s）与2009年第二季度之后未包括在LFS中的1,520个家庭的子样本（轮换组t-y）相结合而获得的。预计将被访谈的5-17岁儿童的数量包括第一子样本中的2,194人，第二子样本中的5,246人，总计7,440人。

数据收集方式
---------------------------

面对面 [f2f]

研究工具
---------------------------

CAS问卷是在国际劳工组织/模拟模型儿童劳动调查问卷的基础上开发的，并作为模块附加到LFS上，LFS是每季度进行一次的调查，面向15岁及以上的个人。像大多数劳动力调查一样，它收集有关基本人口统计、就业成果和不活跃状态的信息。自2006年以来，LFS也收集了关于成年人劳动力市场收入的信息；然而，这些信息未公开发布。

CAS包括43个问题，分布在四个主要部分，即：教育成就；经济活动；无偿家庭服务；以及健康和安全问题。尽管问卷面向5-17岁的儿童，但在36.3％的情况下（n=2,454名儿童），另一家庭成员代表儿童回答了问卷。自我回答问卷的儿童比例随着年龄的增长而增加，直到14岁（76.6％），然后直到17岁（62％）。

数据评估
---------------------------

数据校准

在加权非响应后，对数据进行校准，以调整样本中变量的边际分布（性别、年龄城市/农村、地区）以符合实际人口（根据截至2009年1月1日的当前人口统计数据）。校准一直进行，直到每个变量的人口估计调整到实际报告人口数的1.0％以内。

关于数据校准过程的更多详细信息，请参阅最终报告附录D。