Key characteristics of included publications.

Background
The integration of visual art in healthcare settings has been demonstrated to contribute to well-being. However, the impact of visual arts in healthcare has been primarily evaluated among patients. Viewing visual art could be a health resource to a greater number of people in healthcare settings, including patients, staff, and visitors.
Methods
We conducted a scoping review to synthesize literature on the impact of viewing visual artwork among patients, staff, and visitors in healthcare settings related to the reported outcomes of well-being, wellness, and belonging. The review was informed by Arksey and O’Malley and Joanna Briggs Institute frameworks with masked pairs of reviewers. Included studies were in English, with no restrictions on geographical settings or publication dates. Nine academic databases and twelve gray literature sources were searched, in addition to a hand search and global call for submissions.
Results
From an initial 25,222 records, 68 publications met inclusion criteria across 20 locations. 35 were peer-reviewed studies and 33 constituted gray literature. Included publications that reported sample sizes reflected a total of 6,006 participants with the majority being patients (3,133) followed by staff (1,343), visitors (32), and other/unspecified participants (996). Reported outcomes for patients indicated that visual arts in hospitals reduced heart rates, improved reported mental health outcomes, increased well-being, and provided a positive distraction. Reported outcomes for healthcare staff included an increased well-being, belonging, and capacity to prioritize patient needs. Reported outcomes for visitors consisted of an improved experience in healthcare environments and increased well-being.
Conclusions
Our synthesis of evidence indicates that integration of visual arts within healthcare settings has positive outcomes for its viewers. Our findings are useful to promote the generation of evidence that can reliably inform the design and experience of healthcare environments.

研究背景
已有研究证实，在医疗场景中融入视觉艺术有助于提升个体福祉。但目前针对医疗领域视觉艺术的影响评估，主要聚焦于患者群体。事实上，医疗场景中的视觉艺术观赏可作为覆盖更广人群的健康资源，受众涵盖患者、医护人员与探视者。

研究方法
本研究采用范围综述（scoping review）方法，针对医疗场景中患者、医护人员及探视者观赏视觉艺术作品的影响相关文献进行整合分析，聚焦福祉、健康状态与归属感三类报告结局。本综述以Arksey与O’Malley以及乔安娜·布里格斯研究所（Joanna Briggs Institute）提出的综述框架为指导，采用双盲配对评审方式。纳入研究均以英文发表，未对研究开展地域与发表时间设限。本研究共检索了9个学术数据库与12个灰色文献（gray literature）资源库，同时辅以手工检索与全球范围内的投稿征集。

研究结果
初始检索共获得25222条文献记录，最终有68篇文献符合纳入标准，覆盖20个不同地域。其中35篇为同行评议（peer-reviewed）研究，33篇为灰色文献（gray literature）。报告了样本量的纳入文献共涉及6006名研究对象，其中以患者占比最高（3133人），其次为医护人员（1343人）、探视者（32人）及其他/未明确分类的研究对象（996人）。针对患者的报告结局显示，医院内的视觉艺术可降低心率、改善心理健康状态、提升福祉水平，并起到积极的注意力转移作用。针对医护人员的报告结局显示，视觉艺术可提升其福祉水平与归属感，同时增强其优先关注患者需求的能力。针对探视者的报告结局显示，视觉艺术可优化其在医疗环境中的体验，并提升其福祉水平。

研究结论
本研究的证据整合结果表明，在医疗场景中融入视觉艺术可对所有受众产生积极影响。本研究结果可为推动相关实证研究的开展提供支撑，进而为医疗环境的设计与体验优化提供可靠依据。