Dissatisfaction with body image and associated factors in adult women

ABSTRACT Objective To associate body image with sociodemographic profile, lifestyle, anthropometry and health conditions in adult women. Methods Prevalence study, conducted in a probabilistic cluster sample (n=35 Primary Education Schools) conducted in 2016 with 633 teachers. Sociodemographic characteristics were evaluated; morbidities, anthropometric variables; subjective health issues; lifestyle and self-reported morbidities. Results The prevalence of body image dissatisfaction was 48.7%. There was a greater chance of dissatisfaction among older women who have children, unsatisfactory lifestyle, are overweight, with poor health/poor self-perception of health, and the presence of depressive symptoms. Women who had a poor lifestyle had a four-fold greater chance of dissatisfaction with body appearance (Odds Ratio=4.193) than women who had a satisfactory lifestyle. Conclusion The results revealed that almost half of the adult women surveyed in this study reported dissatisfaction with their body image. This outcome indicates the need for interventions and program implementation related to body image dissatisfaction among women.

摘要
研究目的：探讨成年女性的躯体意象（body image）与社会人口学特征（sociodemographic profile）、生活方式、人体测量学指标及健康状况之间的关联。
研究方法：本研究为患病率现况调查，于2016年采用概率整群抽样（probabilistic cluster sample）方法，选取35所小学作为抽样群，共纳入633名教师作为研究对象。研究评估了受试者的社会人口学特征、疾病发生情况、人体测量学变量、主观健康状况、生活方式及自我报告的患病史。
研究结果：躯体意象不满意的患病率为48.7%。有子女的老年女性、生活方式欠佳者、超重者、健康状况不佳/自我健康感知较差者以及存在抑郁症状的女性，其躯体意象不满意的发生风险显著升高。其中生活方式欠佳的女性，躯体外观不满意的发生风险是生活方式良好女性的4倍（比值比（Odds Ratio）=4.193）。
研究结论：本研究结果显示，受访成年女性中近半数报告存在躯体意象不满意的情况。该结果提示，亟需针对女性群体开展与躯体意象不满意相关的干预措施与项目实施工作。