PERMANOVA on data of within-otolith dispersion of otolith chemical composition (obtained from PERMDISP) under the design EXPDES-1 (incorporating three ablations per otolith and so having Otolith as a factor).

pF =  Pseudo-F. ns: not significant;
***: significant at p<0.001. Lo =  locations, Si =  sites (nested in locations), Ot =  otoliths (nested in sites).

pF 即伪F值（Pseudo-F）。其中，ns 代表无统计学显著性；*** 代表在p<0.001水平下具有统计学显著性。Lo 表示样点（locations），Si 表示样地（嵌套于样点中，sites），Ot 表示耳石（嵌套于样地中，otoliths）。