Economics, life history and international trade data for seven turtle species in Malaysia and Indonesian farms

We collected data on the wildlife trade of seven turtle and tortoise species endemic to Indonesia and Malaysia (Amyda cartilaginea, Batagur borneoensis, Cuora amboinensis, Carettochelys insculpta, Heosemys annandalii, Heosemys grandis, and Heosemys spinosa). We collated data for: the operations and economics of three breeding farms and one ranching facility; species life-history traits; and species international legal trade and confiscation data. We collected data for the facilities (one in Malaysia and three in Indonesia) using field visits and a semi-structured questionnaire. We conducted a literature review to compile relevant information on species’ life-history traits to estimate breeding viability. We downloaded species-specific data on international trade from the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) Trade Database for the exporting countries (Malaysia and Indonesia) for 2000–2015. We compared legal trade with confiscation data obtained from CITES. The data in this article can provide insights into the operations of turtle breeding farms in Southeast Asia. The data can be used as a reference for the inspection of breeding farms and for legislative bodies to determine whether captive breeding for select turtle species is feasible.

Methods
Data on the facilities was obtained by the inspection of four breeding farms (one registered facility in Malaysia, and three facilities in Indonesia) and interview facility operators using a standardized questionnaire. We conducted a literature search for species life-history traits and downloaded data on international commercial trade from the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES): UNEP WCMC CITES Trade Database for the exporting countries (Malaysia and Indonesia) from 2000–2015. We compared data from legal trade with confiscation data obtained from CITES, CoP17 Doc annex 1.

本研究收集了印度尼西亚与马来西亚特有的7种龟鳖类野生动物贸易相关数据，具体物种为：东南亚鳖（Amyda cartilaginea）、婆罗洲扁头龟（Batagur borneoensis）、安布闭壳龟（Cuora amboinensis）、猪鼻龟（Carettochelys insculpta）、安南都闭壳龟（Heosemys annandalii）、大东方龟（Heosemys grandis）以及刺山龟（Heosemys spinosa）。本次研究整合了三类数据：3家龟类繁育场与1家养殖基地的运营及经济数据、物种生活史特征数据，以及物种国际贸易与执法查没数据。针对上述4家养殖设施（马来西亚1家，印度尼西亚3家），研究团队通过实地走访与半结构化问卷完成数据采集。为估算物种人工繁育可行性，研究团队开展文献综述以汇编物种生活史相关信息。同时从《濒危野生动植物种国际贸易公约》（Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora，CITES）贸易数据库下载了2000–2015年印度尼西亚与马来西亚作为出口国的物种特异性国际贸易数据，并将合法贸易数据与CITES查没数据进行对比。本研究生成的数据可为东南亚龟类繁育场的运营管理提供研究视角，同时可作为繁育场监管核查的参照依据，也可供立法机构评估特定龟类物种的人工繁育可行性。

### 研究方法
本研究通过实地考察4家龟类繁育设施（马来西亚1家注册繁育场，印度尼西亚3家繁育基地）并采用标准化问卷访谈设施经营者，获取相关运营数据。针对物种生活史特征，研究团队开展文献检索；同时从联合国环境规划署世界保护监测中心（UNEP World Conservation Monitoring Centre, UNEP WCMC）《濒危野生动植物种国际贸易公约》贸易数据库下载了2000–2015年印度尼西亚与马来西亚作为出口国的物种特异性国际贸易数据，并将合法贸易数据与CITES第17届缔约方大会文件附件1（CoP17 Doc annex 1）中的查没数据进行对比。