兰州大学寒旱区科学观测网络CARN（西营河站气象要素梯度观测系统-2020）

该数据集包含了2020年1月1日至2020年12月31日兰州大学寒旱区科学观测网络西营河站气象要素梯度观测系统数据。站点位于青海海北门源县仙米乡讨拉村，下垫面是高寒草甸。观测点的经纬度是101.855E，37.561N，海拔3616m。二维超声风速/风向传感器和空气温湿度传感器分别架设在2m、4m、8m处，共3层，朝向正北；气压计安装在1.5m采集箱内；翻斗式雨量计安装在塔4m处；红外温度计安装在4m处，朝向正南，探头朝向垂直向下；土壤热通量板（自校正式）（2块）依次埋设在塔南侧植被下5cm和10cm处；土壤温/湿/电导率传感器和土壤水势传感器埋设在塔南侧植被下20cm和40cm处；光合有效辐射传感器、日照时数传感器以及四分量辐射仪安装在4m处，朝向正南。观测项目有：风速（WS_2m、WS_4m、WS_8m）(单位：米/秒)、风向（WD_2m、WD_4m、WD_8m）(单位：度)、空气温湿度（Ta_2m、Ta_4m、Ta_8m和RH_2m、RH_4m、RH_8m）(单位：摄氏度、百分比)、气压（PA）(单位：百帕)、降水量（P）(单位：毫米)、四分量辐射（SWIN、SWOUT、LWIN、LWOUT、Rn）(单位：瓦/平方米)、地表辐射温度（TC）(单位：摄氏度)、土壤热通量（SHF）(单位：瓦/平方米)、土壤水分（SWC）(单位：百分比)、土壤温度（Ts）(单位：摄氏度) 、土壤水势（SWP）（单位：千帕）、土壤电导率（EC）（单位：微西门子/厘米）、光合有效辐射（PPFD）(单位：微摩尔/平方米秒)、日照时数（Sun_time）（单位：小时）。 观测数据的处理与质量控制：（1）确保每天48个数据（每30min），缺失或异常数据以-6999代替；（2）剔除有重复记录的时刻；（3）删除了明显超出物理意义或超出仪器量程的数据；（4）数据中以红字标示的部分为有疑问的数据；（5）日期和时间的格式统一，并且日期、时间在同一列。

This dataset contains meteorological element gradient observation system data from the Xiying River Station of the Cold and Arid Regions Science Observation Network of Lanzhou University, covering the period from January 1, 2020 to December 31, 2020. The observation station is located in Taola Village, Xianmi Township, Menyuan County, Haibei, Qinghai, with an underlying surface of alpine meadow. The geographic coordinates of the observation site are 101.855°E, 37.561°N, and the elevation is 3616 m. Two-dimensional ultrasonic wind speed/direction sensors and air temperature and humidity sensors are installed at heights of 2 m, 4 m, and 8 m respectively, with a total of 3 layers, facing due north. The barometer is installed inside a 1.5 m acquisition box. The tipping bucket rain gauge is installed at 4 m on the observation tower. The infrared thermometer is installed at 4 m, facing due south with the probe oriented vertically downward. Two self-calibrating soil heat flux plates are buried at 5 cm and 10 cm below the vegetation on the south side of the tower, respectively. Soil temperature/moisture/electrical conductivity sensors and soil water potential sensors are buried at 20 cm and 40 cm below the vegetation on the south side of the tower. Photosynthetically active radiation sensors, sunshine duration sensors, and a four-component radiometer are installed at 4 m, facing due south. Observation items include: wind speed (WS_2m, WS_4m, WS_8m) (unit: "m/s"), wind direction (WD_2m, WD_4m, WD_8m) (unit: "degree"), air temperature and humidity (Ta_2m, Ta_4m, Ta_8m and RH_2m, RH_4m, RH_8m) (unit: "°C", "%"), barometric pressure (PA) (unit: "hPa"), precipitation (P) (unit: "mm"), four-component radiation (SWIN, SWOUT, LWIN, LWOUT, Rn) (unit: "W/m²"), surface radiation temperature (TC) (unit: "°C"), soil heat flux (SHF) (unit: "W/m²"), soil moisture (SWC) (unit: "%"), soil temperature (Ts) (unit: "°C"), soil water potential (SWP) (unit: "kPa"), soil electrical conductivity (EC) (unit: "μS/cm"), photosynthetically active radiation (PPFD) (unit: "μmol/(m²·s)"), sunshine duration (Sun_time) (unit: "hour"). Data processing and quality control of the observed data are as follows: (1) Ensure 48 data records per day (one record every 30 minutes), missing or abnormal data are replaced with -6999; (2) Remove duplicate time-stamped records; (3) Delete data that obviously exceeds physical limits or instrument measurement ranges; (4) Parts marked in red in the dataset indicate questionable data; (5) Unify the date and time formats, with date and time stored in the same column.